2018高考英语阅读理解50篇(含答案)

（高质量的专项训练题，值得下载学习）

阅读理解

Shay asked, “Do you think they’ll let me play?” Shay’s father knew that most of the boys would not want someone like Shay on their team, but the father also understood that if his son, mentally and physically disabled, were allowed to play, it would give him a much-needed sense of belonging and some confidence.

Shay’s father approached one of the boys on the field and asked if Shay could play, not expecting much. The boy looked around and said, “We’re losing by six runs (分) and the game is in the eighth inning (局).I guess he can be on our team and we’ll try to put him in to bat in the final inning.

Shay struggled over to the team’s bench and put on a team shirt with a broad smile and his father had a small tear in his eye and warmth in heart. The boys saw the father’s joy at his son being accepted.

In the bottom of the eighth inning, Shay’s team scored a few runs but was still behind by three. In the top of the final inning, Shay put on a glove and played in the field. Even though no hits came his way, he was obviously joyful just to be in the game and on the field. In the bottom of the final inning, Shay’s team scored again. Now, Shay was scheduled to be next at bat. Would they let Shay bat and give away their chance to win the game?

Surprisingly, Shay was given the bat. Everyone knew that a hit was almost impossible. The first pitch (投) came and Shay missed. The pitcher again took a few steps forward to throw the ball softly towards Shay. As the pitch came in, Shay swung at the ball and hit a slow ground ball right back to the pitcher.

The pitcher could have easily thrown he ball to the first baseman and Shay would

have been out and that would have been the end of the game .Instead, the pitcher threw the ball right over the head of the first baseman, beyond the reach of all teammates, The audience and the players from both teams started screaming, “Shay, run to first!” Never in his life had Shay ever run that far but made it to first base, wide-eyed and shocked.

Everyone should, “Run to second!” Catching his breath, Shay awkwardly ran towards second. By the time Shay rounded towards second base, the smallest guy on their team, who had a chance to be the hero for his team for the first time, could have thrown the ball to the second baseman, but he understood the pitcher’s intentions and he too intentionally threw the ball high and far over the third baseman’s head.

All were screaming，“Shay，Shay，Shay，all the way Shay.” Shay reached third base when one opposing player ran to help him and shouted, “Shay, run to third.” As Shay rounded third, all were on their feet, crying, “Shay, run home！”Shay ran to home, stepped on the home base and was cheered as the hero who t won the game for his team.

That day, the boys from both teams helped bring a piece true love and humanity into this world. Shay didn’t make it to another summer and died that winter, having never forgotten being the hero and making his father so happy and coming home and seeing his mother tearfully hug her little hero of the day!

( ) 1. Not expecting much, Shay’s father still asked the boy if Shay could play, mainly because the father _________.

A. noticed some of the boys on the field were heisting B. guessed his presence would affect the boy’s decision C. learned some of the boys on the field knew Shay well D. understood Shay did need a feeling of being accepted

( ) 2. In the bottom of the final inning Shay was given the bat because the boys _________.

A. believed they were sure to win the game B. would like to help Shay enjoy the game

C. found Shay was so eager to be a winner D. fell forced to give Shay another chance

( ) 3. The smallest boy threw the ball high and far over the third baseman’s head, probably because that boy ________.

A. was obviously aware of the pitcher’s purpose B. looked forward to winning the game for his team C. failed to throw the ball to the second baseman D. saw that Shay already reached second base

( ) 4. Which of the following has nothing to do with Shay’s becoming the hero for his team?

A. The pitcher did not throw the ball to the first baseman. B. The audience and the players from both teams cheered for him. C. The opposing players failed to stop his running to home. D. One of the opposing players ran to help him. ( ) 5. What to you think is the theme of the story?

A. True human nature could be realized in the way we treat each other. B. Everyone has his own strength even if mentally or physically disabled. C. Everyone can develop his team spirit in sports and please his parents. D. The results of the game should not be the only concern of the players. 本篇文章是一篇关于爱的教育的故事。一位父亲鼓励帮助自己心智和身体残疾的儿子，和正常人一样参与棒球运动，并且得到同伴的认可。文章富有教育意义。

1. 细节题。 根据题干关键词定位到文章第一段，but处出题，最后一句”it would give him a much-needed sense of belonging and some confidence”得出答案D为正确选项。

2.细节题。答案在原文第五段surprisingly处，显示了一种转折。在上一段讲了Shay的团队赢分了，在上文even though点出尽管他没有一个球是他进的，但他仍然感到很喜悦。在第五段文章说他被伙伴们同意进入了最后一局。可见答案B是正确的，所有人都希望能够帮助他成功。

3. 细节题。根据题干将关键词定位到第七段”the smallest guy on their team”，这是个长难句，who引导了一个非限制性定语从句，他本可以成为比赛最后的hero,可but 点出了转折，他明白pitcher的意图并且帮助了Shay的成功。可见答案A正确。

4.推断题。题干问下面哪一项是和Shay的成功无关的。文章第八段最后说众人喊道: “Shay, run home”,当他run home之后，我们看到结果是他成功了，他成为了Hero，可见没有任何人在这个时候阻止了他。可见C选项是与他的成功无关的，为正确选项。

5. 主旨大意题。文章处处渗透了球队人与人之间的相互尊重，因此A选项包容性最大， B,C,D都是很片面的。

阅读理解的解题策略 阅读理解***猜测类 常见的题干设问形式：

1.Which of the following is the nearest in meaning to...?

2.What does the underlined word/sentence mean in the last paragraph? 3.What does the author probably mean by “...”？

4.The underlined word “...” in the context/in Paragraph...probably means “ ”.

5.The term “...” can be best replaced by “ ”. 6.The word “...” probably refers to “ ”.

7.As used in the line...，the word “...” refers to “ ”. 8.According to the passage，the word “...” is known as . 9.The word/phrase “...” is closest in meaning to . 10.By saying “...”，the author means . 11.The passage uses the word “...” to refer to .

12.The words “...” in Paragraph 3 probably refer to people who . 13.In the last paragraph “...” probably means “ ”.

14.According to the author，the underlined word “...” means “ ”. 15.From the context/passage，we can infer that the word “...” means “ ”. 16.What does the (underlined) word “...” refer to? 历年猜测题的出题形式： 1.猜测词义题

(1)利用构词法解答此类题目，首先要熟练掌握构词法的基本知识。 高考阅读理解中的猜测词义题主要集中在派生和合成两种形式上，对猜测的词义可带入句子进行验证，看是否符合语境，从而推测出答案。

(2)通过同义、反义关系猜测词义。在生词所在的上下文中，有时会出现与之同义或反义的词语，这时可根据熟悉的词语的含义推知生词的含义。

(3)通过定义、解释和举例猜测词义。在一些文章中，特别是新闻报道及科普类说明文中，生词后面往往用that is，mean，stand for，namely，refer to，in other words等或破折号、冒号引出说明性的内容，有时也用同位语、定语从句进行解释说明。还有些文章经常用例子来说明前面较难理解的词，这些例子可帮助考生

准确猜测生词。文章举例时，常常会用一些连词，如such as，like，for example等。

(4)通过上下文的联系猜测词义。任何一篇文章中的句子在内容上都不是绝对孤立的，都跟句子所在的段落及整篇文章有联系。因此，考生可以利用上下文提供的情景和线索进行合乎逻辑的综合分析，进而猜测词义。这是阅读过程中的一大关键，也是近年来高考考查的热点。

(5)有的生词词义的猜测要求利用自身的生活经验及科学常识进行分析推断。比如了解一些英美国家的天文地理、风俗习惯、宗教信仰、社会制度；了解掌握自然知识、自然现象以及现代科技知识。

2.猜测短语题

猜测短语的方法与猜测词义的方法大致相同。有时先注意分析短语的意思，然后结合具体语境去推测短语的含义会更有利于解决问题。

3.猜测句意题

做猜测句意题目时，考生除了可借鉴猜测生词和短语的方法之外，还要注意： (1)返回原文，找到该句子，对原句进行语法和词义上的准确分析。正确选项与原句之间往往不需要很多的推理。

(2)一般说来，正确选项的意思与原句的意思完全相同，只不过是用其他的英语词汇表达而已。

4.猜测指代题

解这类题时，应注意代词指代的总原则——就近指代：代词指代在数(单数或复数)、格(主格或宾格)、逻辑、意义、位置等方面与之接近的名词。就位置而言，

代词所指代的名词通常在本句或其上句中。指代的除名词外，还可指的是一(多)件事，形式可以是句子、v.-ing形式的短语、动词不定式等。

阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

Rae and Bruce Hostetler not only work very hard，they also relax just as well.Numerous vacations help the couple to maintain their health and emotional well­being­­and it’s no surprise to health care professionals.

“Rest，relaxation，and stress reduction are very important for people’s well-being and health. This can be accomplished through daily activities，such as exercise and meditation，but vacation is an important part of this as well，” said primary care physician Natasha Withers from One Medical Group in New York. Withers lists a decreased risk of heart disease and improved reaction time as some of the benefits from taking some time off.“We also know that the mind is very powerful and can help with healing，so a rested，relaxed mind is able to help the body heal better，” said Withers.

Psychologists confirm the value of vacations for the mind.“The impact that taking a vacation has on one’s mental health is great，” said Francine Lederer，a clinical psychologist in Los Angeles who specializes in stress and relationship management.“Most people have better life perspective and are more motivated to achieve their goals after a vacation，even if it is a 24­hour time­out.” The trips could be good for their health，good for their family and good for their businesses.

The online travel agency Expedia conducted a survey about vacation time in 2010，and according to their data the average American earned 18 vacation days—but only used 14 of them. France topped the list，with the average worker earning 37 vacation days and using all but two of them. Americans’ responses may not be surprising in a culture where long hours on the job often are valued，but that’s not

always good for the individual，the family or the employer.

Psychologists have also found that people who don’t take enough time to relax may find it harder to relax in the future.“Without time and opportunity to do this，the nerve connections that produce feelings of calm and peacefulness become weaker，making it actually more difficult to shift into less-stressed states，” Mulhern said.

1．How did the author introduce the topic of the text? A．By making comparisons. C．By raising questions.

B．By giving an example. D．By providing data.

2．According to Natasha Withers，vacations can________. A．weaken reaction system B．cure serious diseases

C．reduce the level of well-being D．decrease the risk of heart disease

3．Expedia’s survey shows that Americans________. A．dislike family gatherings B．have the shortest vacation

C．enjoy as many vacations as the French D．think much of spending long hours on the job 4．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．One should never wait to relax. B．Work and rest go against each other. C．Time and opportunity wait for no man. D．A relaxed mind determines everything. 5．What is mainly talked about in the text? A．Ways to relax in one’s free time. B．The benefits of taking time off. C．Different opinions on holidays. D．The Hostetlers always on the go.

语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了休息和度假对人们生活幸福和身体健康的好处。

1．解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段可知，文章通过Rae Hostetler和Bruce Hostetler夫妇的例子引出了文章的主题，故选B。

答案： B

2．解析： 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“Rest，relaxation，and stress reduction are very important for people’s well­being and health.”以及“but vacation is an important part of this as well”可知，度假对人们的身体健康很重要。

答案： D

3．解析： 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段最后一句中的“Americans’ responses may not be surprising in a culture where long hours on the job often are valued”可知，美国人很认同将大量时间花在工作上的做法。

答案： D

4．解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，如果没有时间和机会休息，时间久了会使得产生平静和安静的感情神经变得很弱，从而就更难产生让人放松的感觉了，由此可推知，选A。A项意为“我们要及时休息”。

答案： A

5．解析： 主旨大意题。文章第一段通过Rae Hostetler和Bruce Hostetler夫妇的例子引出了文章的主题，即度假休息有利于人们的身心健康。

答案： B

阅读理解。阅读下面短文，选择最佳答案填空。

If you watch British television on March 15, you might be surprised to see celebrities (名人) wearing funny red noses and joking around. But don’t worry. They’re not mad. It’s all part of a money raising event called Red Nose Day.

Founded in 1985 by two British comedians, the aim of the event is to raise

money to fight poverty and injustice in the UK and Africa. Celebrities and public figures support the event by making appearances on comic TV shows. For example, UK Prime Minister David Cameron once appeared in a music video by One Direction, which the band produced for the event.

Britons don’t just raise money for charitable causes on one day a year, but they do it all year round. One way of doing so is by shopping in charity shops. These small shops sell clothes, books and household goods just like any other shop except that it’s all secondhand.

There are nearly 10,000 charity shops in the UK. Their business model is simple: Anybody who has things they don’t want anymore can donate them to a charity shop, where they are checked for damage, cleaned and priced. The money that is made by selling them is used for a charitable cause.

The idea of buying used clothes may sound unpleasant, but for shoppers who have less spending money, it has been a welcome option. Now, shopping at charity shops is also becoming popular with young people looking for alternative fashion. “You can find very unique clothes for a very cheap price. It doesn’t bother me that other people may have worn them, I simply wash them before I wear them,” said Anne Marie, a 19-year-old from the US.

So next time you spot a charity shop, why not go inside? Who knows, you might find a lovely dress for just a few pounds. Even better, you can enjoy wearing it in the knowledge that your money helped a good cause.

1. Why did Cameron appear in One Direction’s music video? A. To earn a living. B. To support the band. C. To help raising money. D. To entertain the audience.

2. Where are the goods of charity shops from?

A. Local bands. B. People’s donation. C. British comedians. D. The UK government.

3. What’s Anne Marie’s attitude to charity shops? A. Favorable.

B. Particular.

C. Doubtful.

D. Disapproving.

4. What is the text mainly about? A. Red Nose Day.

B. British celebrities.

C. Charity in Britain. D. Secondhand shops.

参考答案、1—4、CBAC

阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。 体裁：记叙文 话题：公共服务 时间：7分钟

The world of taxi drivers is dominated by men. But there is one small taxi company in Delhi，where all the drivers and passengers are female. Women's safety is a hot topic in India at the moment，so it's proving a very popular service.

“When I'm on the road driving our taxi I feel very proud，because this is the first taxi service only for women，”says 31­year­old Shanti Sharma，who is one of eight female drivers with a taxi service called Cabs for Women by Women.

The last couple of months，since the rape and murder in the city of a college student travelling on a bus，have been particularly busy for her and her colleagues.

“After this case，our workload has increased so much，” says Sharma.“Women who used other cab services are also turning to us now.”

Most women in Delhi say they routinely face harassment(骚扰)，and worse，especially on public transport.

Sharma，a single parent with three daughters，has been working as a taxi driver since 2011，when the service was first set up，and it has changed her life. This is the first time that she has earned enough—about 250 a month—to support her family.

Of course，she and the other female taxi drivers are completely outnumbered by male cabbies.“When I park somewhere there are always men there and inevitably five or six of them get

together and hang out，” she says.“I'm usually the only woman in the parking lot，so I just stay inside the car.”

It's not much better when she is out on the road.Sharma says the male drivers give her a hard time.“As soon as they see a woman at the wheel they start honking(按喇叭) for no reason. They'll try to overtake you. I'm always worrying about how to avoid getting hit by someone.”

The company behind Cabs for Women by Women，Sakha Consulting Wings，had a number of goals when it set up the service .It wanted to give women from poor backgrounds an opportunity to earn money. By putting women in charge of technologies，it also wanted to change people's attitudes，and open up boundaries for women.

【语篇导读】 德里一家出租车公司专门推出了女性司机只为女性乘客提供服务的Cabs for Women by Women 出租车业务。生意异常火爆。

1．The taxi service Cabs for Women by Women ______. A．is greatly needed at present in India B．causes a hot debate in India C．was set up in 2012 D．is free of charge for women

解析 细节理解题。根据第一段第三句中的“it's proving a very popular service”可知，这项女性出租车服务在现在有很大需求量。

答案 A

2．Why are women who used other cab services turning to Cabs for Women by Women? A．Because it is cheap. C．Because it is famous.

B．Because it is safe. D．Because it is convenient.

解析 推理判断题。根据第三、四段内容可推知，那些以前乘坐其他出租车的女性现在选择Cabs for Women by Women，是因为这种由妇女驾驶的出租车能为女性乘客提供安全保障。

答案 B

3．What do we know about Sharma? A．She is the first female taxi driver in Delhi. B．She lives in harmony with her husband. C．She has regretted becoming a taxi driver.

D．She has a better salary after becoming a taxi driver.

解析 细节理解题。根据第六段可知，从2011年Sharma成为出租车司机后，她才赚了足够多的钱来养家糊口。

答案 D

4．What is the main idea of the last paragraph?

A．The opportunities Cabs for Women by Women provides for women. B．The main purposes of Cabs for Women by Women. C．People's attitudes towards Cabs for Women by Women. D．The background information of Cabs for Women by Women.

解析 段落大意题。根据本段的主题句“The company behind Cabs for Women by Women，Sakha Consulting Wings，had a number of goals when it set up the service.”可知，本段主要讲开展Cabs for Women by Women 出租车服务的目的。

答案 B 【长难句解读】

原文 Sharma，a single parent with three daughters，has been working as a taxi driver since 2011，when the service was first set up，and it has changed her life.

译文 Sharma是一个独自抚养三个女儿的单亲母亲，自从2011年首次开展这项服务以来，她一直是一名出租车司机。这改变了她的生活。

分析 and前后为两个并列分句。在第一个分句中，a single parent with three daughters 是Sharma的同位语。when引导一个定语从句，修饰2011。

阅读理解的解题策略

阅读理解***观点态度题应注意的几个问题：

(1)要学会辨清文章的体裁。高考阅读理解题涉及各类文章，以议论文为主，文章的主题句往往会直接或间接地表明作者的态度、立场；说明文，因为其体裁的客观性，所以作者往往采取中立态度；记叙文，因为作者写作时也常带有某种感情倾向性，所以考生在读这种体裁的文章时要细心，捕捉那些烘托气氛、表达或暗示情感或态度的词句。

(2)要分清选项中的表示支持或肯定、中立、反对或否定的词语，再以此对照文章内容。下面是一些常见的有关作者情感、态度的词语：

①表示支持或肯定的词语

positive积极的，乐观的；supportive支持的；optimistic乐观的；enthusiastic热情的；pleasant愉快的等。

②表示中立的词语

indifferent不感兴趣的，漠不关心的，中立的；uninterested不感兴趣的；neutral中立的；subjective主观的；objective客观的等。

③表示反对或否定的词语

disgusted憎恶的，厌恶的；critical批评的；negative否定的，消极的；suspicious怀疑的；disappointed失望的；ironic讽刺的等。

④表示情感的词语

bitter令人不快的；emotional情绪激动的；angry气愤的等。 4.文章结构题的解题方法： (1)按事情发展的顺序； (2)按时间的先后顺序； (3)按地点或空间位置的变换； (4)按内容的总分关系； (5)按人物的活动内容。

针对此类题，考生应做到：一读，就是通读全文；二想，就是想一想每一段落的主要意思；三归，就是把一些内容相同或关系密切的段落合并在一起，成为一个大段；四查，就是再把各段段意连起来，看是否能构成一个连贯的整体；五选，选出符合文章结构的正确答案。

此外，做这类题时应把握作者的写作思路，如文章可能按事件发展的顺序描写，也可能通过举例、分类、对比来叙述，从而作出比较科学的、合情合理的推测。

如：2015北京D(文章见上)

70.Which of the following shows the development of ideas in this passage?

答案 B

解析 文章结构题。分析全文可知第一段简单介绍，提出问题；第二段为第一个论点，指出父母在子女生活中参与度较高的现象；第三段是第二个论点，指出通过调查并不能推断出父母未能对子女放手；第四、五段为两个次论点，第一个次论点是科技的进步导致父母对子女生活更多的参与，第二个次论点是子女经济不独立导致父母对子女的生活更多的参与；最后一段得出结论。故选B。

阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

When you tidy your messy bedroom，it gets a lot easier to find things. Dreams may work the same way for a messy brain，helping you learn by organizing memories and ideas.

To test how much dreams can help learning，Robert Stick gold had some students play a shape-fitting game called Tetris (俄罗斯方块) for a few hours and then go to sleep.Soon they were dreaming of falling Tetris shapes. Interestingly，the worst Tetris players had the most Tetris dreams and improved their game the most. Similar tests have shown the same results for all kinds of skills.

As we dream，many important tasks are getting done. The brain decides what to keep and what to forget. It is connecting new experiences to older learning. In fact，the brain is learning all night long.

Another important task of dreams may be to help us deal with emotions (情绪)．At night，emotions are in the driver’s seat. People who have had an upsetting experience often dream about it afterward. Often the dream event changes somehow—another way the brain tries to make the memory less upset. So if your best friend moves away，you might dream that you’re the one who’s moving. In fact，dreams have a proven power to improve mood，and people who dream about what’s bothering them usually feel better sooner than those who don’t.

Everybody dreams for a couple of hours every night—in the course of your life，you’ll spend about 25 years asleep and 6 years dreaming. There’s probably no single answer to the question why we dream，but there doesn’t have to be. One dream might help you remember your math facts，while another might lead to a new invention，or give you a fun，crazy story to tell your friends. It’s all in a night’s work for our busy，mysterious brains.

1．Robert Stickgold’s test shows that________. A．games are useful for memory B．dreams can help improve skills C．players stop learning in dreams D．tasks can only be settled through dreams 2．We can learn from Paragraph 4 that________. A．dreams can get rid of sufferings B．only drivers can deal with emotions C．one may be less upset after a dream D．dreams can copy what one experienced

3．Which of the following does the author probably agree with? A．Dreaming does harm to one’s mood. B．Dreaming affects the quality of sleep. C．It’s hard to find out the secrets of dreaming. D．It’s not so important to know the cause of dreaming. 4．What does the text focus on? A．Dreams and memories. C．The benefits of dreams.

B．Dreams and emotions. D．The patterns of dreams.

5．In which part of a magazine can this text be found? A．Entertainment. C．Science.

B．Tourism. D．Advertisement.

语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了梦的好处，即可以改善学习和情绪。 1．解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段可知，为了证实梦对学习有帮助，Robert Stickgold做了这次实验，而实验结果表明选手的技能有所提高，根据本段最后一句“Similar tests have shown the same results for all kinds of skills.”可推知，梦对学习各种技能都是有帮助的，故选B。

答案： B

2．解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Another important task of dreams...emotions (情绪)．”和最后一句“In fact，dreams have a proven power to improve mood...”可知，梦有助于改善心情，故选C。

答案： C

3．解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“There’s probably no single answer to the question why we dream，but there doesn’t have to be.”可知，作者认为关于我们为什么会做梦的解释不止一个，但也没必要非要有一个解释。

答案： D

4．解析： 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要说明了梦的好处：有助于改善学习和情绪。

答案： C

5．解析： 推理判断题。根据文章主旨可知，文章是关于梦的科学研究方面的知识，所以最可能在杂志的有关科学的栏目里找到此文章，故选C。

答案：C。

阅读理解。阅读下面短文，选择最佳答案填空。

The Adler Planetarium Chicago is home to more than 35,000 square feet of exhibits. From huge models of the Solar System, to ancient astronomical instruments, to interactive adventures, Adler’s exhibit galleries provides a passageway for you to explore the universe. The Adler also offers mini science exploration activities that are quick 10-minute lessons. Visitors can learn some interesting astronomical facts at these small activity carts.

The Adler Planetarium Chicago is the only museum in the world with two full-size planetarium theaters. Since 1930, the wonder of the stars has been visible in the historic Sky

Theater. Powered by brand new Digistar 3TM technology, the StarRider Theater is a completely digital, virtual (虚拟的) outer space environment. The famous Zeiss Planetarium projector is able to accurately reproduce the movement of every aspect of the night sky.

Do’s and Don’ts:

Do Take the Bus/Train: Leave the car at home for this museum trip. The Adler is located within close proximity to public transit.

Don’t Miss the Doane Observatory: When weather permits, the Doane is open at the Adler for observing with its 20-inch diameter telescope.

Don’t Miss Museum Special Events: The Adler offers a summer camp for kids from mid June to August.

Ticket Price:

Adult: $ 28; child: $ 22. Book online now to Save 37%. Regular Schedule:

Mon.—Fri. 10am— 4pm; Sat.—Sun. 10am—4:30pm. Summer Hours: 9:30am—6pm daily. Nearest Transit: Roosevelt Metro Station

Address: 1300 S Lake Shore Dr, Chicago, IL 60605

1. What’s the main function of the Adler Planetarium Chicago? A. Displaying the models of the Solar System. B. Selling ancient astronomical instruments. C. Offering a passageway to explore the universe. D. Giving 10-minute lessons to visitors.

2. What can visitors learn in the StarRider Theater? A. The history of the Adler Planetarium Chicago. B. The wonder of the interactive adventures. C. The complicated Digistar 3TM technology . D. The movement of the stars in the night sky.

3. If you want to try the Doane Observatory, you’d better ______.

A. drive your private car B. consider weather conditions C. buy a telescope in advance D. join the Adler’s summer camp

4. How much will a couple and two kids at least spend to visit the Adler? A. $ 37.

B. $ 63.

C. $ 72.

D. $ 100.

参考答案、CDBB

阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。 “Oh，you must have been a spoiled (宠坏的) kid. You must be really bossy. I wonder what you’re going to be like to deal with？” That’s often the response Angela Hult gets when people find out she’s an only child，she told ABC News. Despite such negative (消极的) remarks，Hult has decided to have only one child herself. And she’s not alone.

According to the US’ Office for National Statistics，women approaching the end of their childbearing years had an average of 1.9 children in 2004，compared with 3.1 for their counterparts in 1976.The percentage of one-child families in Britain had risen from 18 percent in 1972 to 26 percent in 2007.

But even though only children are becoming increasingly common，the traditional view that they’re selfish，spoiled and lack social skills holds strong. Even parents of only children，like Hult，are made to feel guilty about having only one child. Worried that they’re being selfish and endangering their child’s future，they flock to online discussion forums seeking advice. Soon，however，they ask themselves：is this social prejudice really reasonable?

“There have been hundreds and hundreds of research studies that show that only children are no different from their peers (同龄人)，” Susan Newman，a social psychologist at Rutgers University in the US，told ABC News.

This raises another question：why are only children still viewed with such suspicion? “There is a belief that’s been around probably since humans first existed that to have just one child is somehow dangerous，both for you and for the continuation of your race，” Toni Falbo，a professor of educational psychology，told the Guardian.“In the past a lot of children died.You’d have had to be crazy to only have one.”

Times，of course，have changed and infant mortality (婴儿死亡率) has largely reduced.So what do only children themselves say?

Kayley Kravitz，a blogger for The Huffington Post，grew up as an only child and highly recommends the experience.“Being an only child taught me the most valuable skill of all：the ability to be alone，” she said.

1．Which of the following could be the best title for the text? A．Are only children lonely? B．Are only children common? C．Are only children dangerous? D．Are only children different? 2．What does Susan Newman mean? A． Only children are as good as their peers. B．Only children are more selfish and spoiled. C．Parents feel guilty about having only one child. D．Parents will endanger their only child’s future. 3．What is the common belief since human existed? A．The infant death rate always stays high. B．People are crazy to have only one child. C．It’s easy for only children to earn their living.

D．It’s hard to continue the family line with only one child. 4．An only child like Kayley________. A．must be difficult to persuade B．can possibly learn to be alone C．should value special skills D．need ignore bad experience

5．What’s the author’s attitude towards having only one child? A．Neutral. C．Positive.

语篇解读 本文是一篇议论文。尽管在英国越来越多的孩子都是独生子女，但很多人对独生子女的看法却依然如故，认为他们自私、娇气、缺少社交技能。对此，独生子女们有他们的看法。

B．Negative. D．Doubtful.

1．解析： 标题概括题。本文主要讨论了独生子女是否就是英国传统观念中的自私、娇气，缺少社交技能的人，所以D项最适合做文章的标题，故选D。

答案： D

2．解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段Susan Newman所说的话可知，成百上千的研究表明独生子女和别的孩子没有什么区别，故选A。

答案： A

3．解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第六段中的“There is a belief that’s been around probably...both for you and for the continuation of your race”可知，自从人类存在以来，人们就认为只生一个孩子不论对你自己还是对种族的延续来说都是很危险的，故选D。

答案： D

4．解析： 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“Being an only child...the ability to be alone”可知，选B。

答案： B

5．解析： 观点态度题。文中提到不同人对于独生子女的不同观点，但并没有直接提到作者自己的看法，由此可知，应选A，中立的。

答案： A。

阅读理解。

“Stop making excuses for him，Mom，”I said.“But maybe he is feeling unwell...” Mom said.“Maybe nothing，” I interrupted. I had been tending Mom since her health began to decline and this would be the first time in a year that my husband and I had a night out together. Jerry had promised to stay with Mom. But again he let us down. And more often than not，his drinking had a lot to do with it. His irresponsibility upset me.

I remembered our happy growing-up years in a small town in West Virginia. With good family education，Jerry had been a kind kid. He was only 15 when Dad died. Unlike him，I got over the sorrow soon，but he started drinking. Soon he began hanging out with bad guys.

Jerry and I didn’t see each other often，but we talked on the phone. Usually，though，we ended up fighting. When Mom came to live with us，Jerry dropped in regularly at first，but after a while his visits became sporadic. He explained he couldn’t handle seeing Mom in such a bad condition. Another excuse，I thought.

One day I went to see the doctor about my back.It had been aching for months.“I can’t find anything wrong with you physically，”the doctor said.“But I can tell you’re very tense. Is something bothering you？” I poured out my story about Jerry.“Do you think he’s likely to change？” he asked. I shrugged.“Probably not.”“But，you can，”he said gently.

Me？Why did I have to change？He was the one who constantly let us down.But what had I done？Maybe the doctor was right. I couldn’t love his behavior，but I could love him—the way I did when we were little. As I walked into the house I sensed a relief.

Jerry died young due to drinking .I miss him. But I’m grateful I was given the opportunity to show him I loved him—as he was，not as I wanted him to be.

【语篇解读】 爱一个人，并不意味着他很完美。有时，即便他有着让人难以忍受的缺点，也要学会去爱——爱他不是因为他是你所期望的那样，而是爱他本人。

1．When Jerry failed to carry out his promise that night，his mother________. A．felt very angry C．was indifferent about it

B．tried to defend him

D．phoned him to ask him to come back

解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段“Stop making excuses for him，Mom，” I said.“But maybe he is feeling unwell...”可推断，答案为B。

答案： B

2．Jerry got into the habit of drinking mainly because________. A．he was influenced by bad guys B．his mom left to live with his sister C．nobody cared for him after his father died D．he couldn’t get over the sadness of losing his father

解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段Unlike him，I got over the sorrow soon，but he started drinking可知，答案为D。

答案： D

3．The underlined word “sporadic” in Paragraph 3 probably means “________”． A．occasional C．formal

B．frequent D．unpleasant

解析： 词义猜测题。根据句中Jerry dropped in regularly at first，but...可判断，刚开始Jerry经常来看望妈妈，但不久就很少来了，故答案为A。

答案： A

4．What did the author think of the doctor’s suggestion at first? A．It was acceptable. C．It was unreasonable.

B．It gave her much hope. D．It made her confused.

解析： 推理判断题。根据第五段Me？Why did I have to change？He was the one who constantly let us down.可推断，答案为C。

答案： C

5．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Love can help a person give up bad habits. B．Too much tension will destroy a person’s health. C．We shouldn’t expect too much of a person. D．We should try to love a person as he is.

解析： 主旨大意题。根据末段But I’m grateful I was given the opportunity to show him I loved him—as he was，not as I wanted him to be可推断，爱一个人，要爱他本人，而不是因为他是你期望的那样，故答案为D。

答案： D

阅读理解的解题策略

阅读理解***数字计算题——结果求证法

数字事实细节题一般会涉及时间、年龄、价钱、数量、距离等的简单计算。一般来说，从数学的角度讲，计算量都比较小，容易计算。但是英语阅读中的数字计算必须要找出计算背后所隐含的信息。这些“暗”信息会涉及对某个难句的理解，从这个角度上讲，理解文中相应的复杂句是解这类题的关键。

解决此类问题可将原文信息的表述以数字计算的形式表现出来，进行结果求证。如：2015四川C片段

Mothers have long known that their home workload was just as heavy as paid work. Now，the new study has shown that if they were paid for their parental labours，they would earn as much as ￡172,000 a year.

The study looked at the range of jobs mothers do，as well as the hours they are working，to determine the figure. This would make their yearly income ￡30,000 more than the Prime Minister earns.

38.How much would a mother earn a year if working as the Prime Minister? A.￡30,000. C.￡172,000. 答案 B

解析 细节理解题。根据文中的“...they would earn as much as ￡172,000 a year.”以及“This would make their yearly income ￡30,000 more than the Prime Minister earns.”可知，总理的工资是172 000－30 000＝142 000。故选择B。

6.细节排序题——首尾定位法

排序题会出现在各种文体中，记叙文中的排序题通常以故事发生的时间为线索，也就是排列出什么时间发生了什么事情；说明文中的排序题通常以说明的先后顺序为线索，也就是排列出先说明什么后说明什么；而议论文中的排序题则要以逻辑顺序为线索，比如解决问题的方法步骤等。

做此类排序题可采用“首尾定位法”，即先找出第一件事情和最后一件事情，这样可以迅速缩小范围，从而快速选出正确答案，或用代入淘汰法顺序逐一排除，从而得出正确答案。如：2014四川C片段

A schoolgirl saved her father’s life by kicking him in the chest after he suffered a serious allergic(过敏的) reaction which stopped his heart.

Izzy，nine，restarted father Colm’s heart by stamping(踩) on his chest after he fell down at home and stopped breathing.

Izzy’s mother，Debbie，immediately called 999 but Izzy knew doctors would never arrive in time to save her father，so decided to use CPR.

However，she quickly discovered her arms weren’t strong enough，so she stamped on her

B.￡142,000. D.￡202,000.

father’s chest instead.

Debbie then took over with some more conventional chest compressions(按压) until the ambulance arrived.

Izzy，who has been given a bravery award by her school，said，“I just kicked him really hard. My mum taught me CPR but I knew I wasn’t strong enough to use hands. I was quite scared. The doctor said I might as well be a doctor or a nurse. My mum said that Dad was going to hospital with a big footprint on his chest.”

“She’s a little star，” said Debbie.“I was really upset but Izzy just took over. I just can’t believe what she did. I really think all children should be taught first aid.Izzy did CPR then the doctor turned up. Colm had to have more treatment on the way to the hospital and we’ve got to see an expert.”

40.What’s the right order of the events? ①Izzy kicked Colm. ②Debbie called 999. ③Izzy learned CPR. ④Colm’s heart stopped. A.③①②④ C.③④②① 答案 C

解析 细节理解题。由上下文可知，Izzy先前了解了一些CPR (心肺复苏术)，后来她父亲因过敏反应心脏停止了工作，Izzy的母亲Debbie拨了999急救电话，然后Izzy采取了急救措施。

阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。 An older friend once gave me a piece of advice，“Enjoy the last few weeks of college，” she said，“since college is the best time of your life.”

This was not the first time I’d heard such a statement，but with graduation fast coming close，her words especially struck me. It seemed a bit disappointing to reach one’s life peak at only 22 years of age，but in her opinion，college had been one of the best times in my life so far .I made

B.④②③① D.④③①②

friends，took classes，and learned a great deal about myself. But I was also excited for the time after college—moving to a new city，starting a new job，and becoming a “real” person. I hoped that my great dreams were practical.

Then，last week I read a column in Real Simple Magazine called 100 Years of Attitude，in which women 100 years or older shared their life experiences and views. I noticed that none of them considered college as the “best” time of their life. Not all of them went to college，but still in most cases their teens and twenties were not the best times of their life. They said some of their favorite times were raising their children，traveling after retirement，and even enjoying their present time and age.

Enjoying one’s present time and age was a clear theme of the interviews. A piece of advice given by the women was about the importance of making the best of all situations. I think it more accurate than that of my friend；I can say with certainty that if I am lucky enough to make it to 100.I refuse to spend the last 80 years of my life plummeting (跌落) downhill，or even leveling off.

I am sure that our eagerness and devotion will make us college students live a meaningful life. We will not just look backwards or miss our college days. We will look forward in excitement about continued journey uphill.

1．Which of the following opinions does the writer agree with? A．College is the best time of one’s life. B．Twenties were the best time of the old people. C．One should make the best of all situations.

D．One should not look backwards at their college time. 2．In the second paragraph，the writer wants to say________. A．her achievements in college would be the peak of her success B．she is looking forward to living as a “real” person in college C．she becomes more and more uneasy with graduation

D．she is satisfied with the college life but is hopeful for the future 3．The column the writer read is mainly about those old women’s________. A．best time of life at youth B．life experiences and views C．different opinions about life D．favorite time with best friends

4．By saying “I refuse to spend the last 80 years of my life plummeting downhill，or even

leveling off” (in Paragraph 4)，the writer really means________.

A．she will not spend the rest of her time at college B．she will not just obtain a college level certificate

C．she will not be satisfied with what she has already accomplished D．she will not be content with the life in the future

5．Which of the following words can be used to describe the writer? A．Ambitious. C．Imaginative.

B．Practical. D．Proud.

语篇解读 本文是一篇议论文。都说大学是人生最辉煌的时光，但文中的作者却给出了不同的观点。

1．解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第四段第二、三句“A piece of advice given by the women...making the best of all situations.I think it more accurate than that of my friend...”可知，答案C符合文意。

答案： C

2．解析： 段落大意题。根据文章第二段最后三句可知，作者对现在的大学生活很满意，但同时对未来也充满了期待，故答案D符合文意。

答案： D

3．解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句中的“...in which women 100 years or older shared their life experiences and views.”可知，答案B正确。

答案： B

4．解析： 句意理解题。根据对文章最后一段的整体理解可知，作者并不满足现有的成就，而是要继续下去，把整个人生都活得精彩、生动。由此可推知，答案C符合文意。

答案： C

5．解析： 推理判断题。根据对文章的整体理解，尤其是最后一段可推知，作者是一个不满足于现状的年轻人，是一个积极进取的人。故答案A“有抱负的”符合文意。

答案： A

阅读理解。阅读下面短文，选择最佳答案填空。

You use her as a shoulder to cry on. She texts you back with casual jokes. But she, Xiaoice, is

only a virtual chatbot.

Xiaoice, Microsoft’s latest artificial intelligence robot, was briefly released in 2014, and returned to We Chat in 2015, where she became a big hit. Millions of young Chinese now exchange messages with her daily, The New York Times reported. On WeChat, Xiaoice is an official account. After following it, users can start text-based conversations with Xiaoice. “Her incredible learning ability was why people loved to talk with Xiaoice,” Liu Jinchang, a researcher at High-tech Research and Development Center under the Ministry of Science and Technology, told China Daily. Apart from her ability to identify photos and send emojis (表情符号) in conversations, Xiaoice gains 45 percent of her knowledge from interacting with users, China Daily reported.

Chatbot programs first appeared in the mid-1960s in the US. Driven by top tech companies, they are becoming smarter and more common. For instance, IBM’s latest artificial intelligence program served as an academic consultant at Australia’s Deakin University, answering students’ questions about course schedules and financial aid. Apple’s Siri and Amazon’s Alexa have been used as voice assistants who can read news, play music and even make jokes for their users. These programs are expected to move beyond smartphones, into televisions, cars and living rooms, The New York Times pointed out. However, it may take decades before scientists develop a “Samantha”, the advanced chatbot seen in the fiction film Her. In the film, Samantha sparks a romantic relationship with her user played by US actor Joaquin Phoenix. Many viewers were enthusiastic about this fantasy of virtual soul mates.

1. What does the underlined part in paragraph two mean? A. She became a best seller. B. She became very powerful. C. She became a money maker. D. She became very popular.

2. Which of the following can Xiaoice do? A. Do housework.

B. Spread messages.

C. Identify various photos. D. Read news to its users.

3. Which company’s chatbot program can act as an academic consultant? A. Microsoft. B. IBM.

C. Apple.

D. Amazon.

4. What can be learned from the last paragraph? A. Chatbots mainly run on smartphones now. B. It’ll take decades to apply chatbots to cars. C. Samantha is played by a US actor in the film. D. The film Her doesn’t interest many audience . 参考答案、DCBA

阅读理解。

I shall never forget the day when the earthquake took place. The time was about 5 o’clock in the afternoon and I was driving along the road to take my daughter from school. Our plan was to go swimming together. I had finished my work at 4 o’clock and then gone to the Post Office. Then I stopped off at a shop in order to get some fresh fruit. We liked to have some fruit to eat after our swim.

I was driving along a high road on my way to my daughter’s school. Over my road was another road which was built like a bridge for cars coming to the other way. I was hungry so I put the bag of

apples in the seat beside me and started to eat one.

Suddenly I saw the cars in front of me start to move from side to side. Then my car started to shake！I didn’t know what was happening. Perhaps something had gone wrong with my car .I drove a little more slowly and then I stopped the car and at the same moment the road fell onto the car in front of me.

I found myself in the dark.I couldn’t move.T he bottom parts of both of my legs and my feet were hurting badly and I couldn’t move them. All around me was quiet. But above me I could hear shouts and a lot of noise. Then I memorized (记起) what had happened. I had been in an earthquake. For about two hours nobody came.Luckily I could reach the bag of apples，so at least I had plenty to eat. Then I heard people climbing towards me. A team of people had come to see if anyone was under the broken road .I called out，“I’m here！” I heard a shout. Soon a stranger climbed to the side of the road near my car.“How are you doing？” he asked.

“Not too bad，” I said，“But my feet and legs feel as if they’re broken.”“We’ll have you out of there just as soon as we can.” They didn’t get me out until the next morning. I had been in my car for fourteen hours.

1．When the earthquake took place，the writer was________. A．on his way to the Post Office C．doing some shopping

B．stopping off at a shop D．under a road built like a bridge

解析： 从第二段最后一句话可知，当地震发生时，作者正开车行驶在一条像桥一样的路的下面。这条路塌了下来，砸在了他的车上。 答案： D

2．The writer’s car began to move from side to side because________. A．there was something wrong with his car B．he ate apples as he drove

C．an earthquake began to happen D．he drove too fast

解析： feel是系动词，后面跟有表语，我们知道当tire成tiring和tired时，才起到形容词的作用。 答案： C

3．Which of the following is True according to the passage?

A．When the earthquake happened，the writer was with his daughter together. B．The writer’s legs and feet were badly wounded in the earthquake. C．The writer was saved as soon as the stranger climbed up the road.

D．The writer was so frightened that he forgot everything that happened around him.

解析： 从短文的内容可知，作者在接他女儿之前发生了地震。因此，在地震发生时，他并没有和他女儿在一起。又从最后一段可知，他被救出时，已经到了第二天上午。因此，也不是在那位陌生人一看到他就把他救了出来。再从他被砸在路下面后不久，他就记起了所发生的事，所以，他并没有吓得什么也想不起来。只有他的腿和脚被严重砸伤是真实的。 答案： B

4．Which of the following shows the right order of what happened to the writer? a—A stranger climbed to the side of road near his car and asked how he was going. b—The writer finished his work.

c—He felt his car shaking on his way to his daughter’s school. d—He bought some fresh fruit in a shop. e—He was saved the next morning.

f—The writer found himself in the dark. g—He went to the Post Office. A．b，g，d，c，f，a，e C．d，b，c，f，g，a，e

B．b，d，c，g，f，a，e D．c，a，f，g，b，d，e

解析： 通读全文，我们可知，正确的顺序是：作者下班后，先去了邮局，又把车停在一家商店前，下车买了一些水果。在接他女儿的路上他感觉他的车子晃动，上面的公路塌了下来，将他砸在了路下面。他感觉自己处在黑暗之中，一位陌生人发现了他，第二天上午他被救了出来。 答案： A

5．From the passage we’re sure that the writer was________. A．a teacher of a school C．a father of a girl

B．a manager of a shop D．a worker of a Post Office

解析： 通过短文我们可以确切地知道作者是一位女孩的父亲，而无法确定作者是一位学校的教师，一家商店的经理或一家邮局的工人。 答案： C。

阅读理解的解题策略

图文转换题——按“文”索“图”法

图文转换题即根据短文描述找出相应图形，或根据图形选出相应文字答案。可采用“文字锁定法”，找出描绘图形的句段，按“文”索“图”，迅速锁定相关图形。

图表类阅读题常常只有少量的文字表述，要依据所提供的图表或描述进行理解。阅读时必须弄

清图表中各部分的对应关系，同时针对所设问题进行有目的地识读。也可采用“图形标示法”，在图形中标出相应的内容，以便确定正确答案。如：2015年浙江B片段 Bar Graphs

A bar graph has two axes and uses bars to show amounts.In Graph 1，we see that the x-axis shows grades that students earned，and the y-axis shows how many students earned each grade.You can see that 6 students earned an A because the bar for A stretches up to 6 on the vertical measurement.There is a lot of information we can get from a simple graph like this (See Graph 1). 47.What is the total number of students who earned a C or better? A.4. B.6. C.10. D.20. 答案 D

解析 细节理解题。根据图1所示，C等级以上的包括A、B、C，A等级的有6个人，B等级的有10个人，C等级的有4个人，加起来一共是20人，故选D项。 4.是非判断题——对号入座法、排除法

(1)对号入座法。带着细节性问题中所给出的关键词返回原文，找出相关的词或相对应的句子，仔细阅读，从中找出答案。但需要注意的是，这些问题的提问方式往往不是直接照搬文中的原话，而是使用同义词、近义词等来复述，所以考生一定要认真审题。虽然这类细节题在文章中能够找到答案，但是正确选项与文章中的原句还是会有出入的，命题者通常用不同的词语或句型表达同一个意思。如用同义词替换、词类转换、肯定否定互换等，但万变不离其宗。如：2015浙江C片段

If humans were truly at home under the light of the moon and stars，we would go in darkness

happily，the midnight world as visible to us as it is to the vast number of nocturnal(夜间活动的) species on this planet.Instead，we are diurnal creatures，with eyes adapted to living in the sun’s light.This is a basic evolutionary fact，even though most of us don’t think of ourselves as diurnal beings.Yet it’s the only way to explain what we’ve done to the night：We’ve engineered it to receive us by filling it with light. 50.According to the passage，human beings . A.prefer to live in the darkness B.are used to living in the day light C.were curious about the midnight world D.had to stay at home with the light of the moon 答案 B

解析 细节理解题。根据本段第二句中“...with eyes adapted to living in the sun’s light.”可以知道答案。其中adapted to和used to doing同义，意为“习惯于”。

(2)排除法。对于是非判断题中的“三错一对”或“三对一错”类试题，考生通常可以用排除法解答。这就要求考生仔细阅读文章，排除未在文章中提及或转述错误的三个细节选项，或排除文章中已知信息的三个选项，剩下的选项便是正确答案。如：2015福建第59题 59.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A.The chief prize for the Stilton cheese rolling competition is beer or port wine. B.More than 10,000 Chinese take part in the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival. C.Thousands of spicy foods are on show in the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival. D.An exciting tomato battle takes place at the beginning of La Tomatina. 答案 C

解析 推理判断题。由第一段中的“...the chief prize is a complete Stilton cheese weighing about four kilos...”可知A项错误；由第二段第一句可知B项中的Chinese错误；由第二段倒数第二句中的“...or any one of the thousands of products that are on show.”可知C项正确；由第三段中的“...an exciting tomato battle as the highlight of the week’s events.”可知D项中的at the beginning of错误。故答案为C项。

【健康环保类—阅读理解】（2015模拟题）

Besides containing attractive flowers，trees and other plants that beautify the community，ecofriendly rain gardens are healthy for the environment and the people living and working nearby.

A rain garden is not very different from a traditional garden.It is just a far more ecofriendly garden.Usually it is built lower than the ground.Rain gardens make smart use of rain and storm water by temporarily holding water from rain and storms and letting it soak(渗透) slowly into the ground before it runs into streams or enters the public drinking water supply.

Thus，a rain garden keeps the water，allowing it to be used as needed by plants in the rain garden，rather than flowing immediately into nearby streams and going unused.The water will soak slowly into the ground within a day or two.This creates an advantage that the rain garden does not allow mosquitoes to breed.This is a simple，attractive，and ecofriendly “green” way to treat storm water.

What’s more，planting a rain garden helps reduce pollution and improve the

environment.Without using expensive machinery and chemicals，rain gardens remove harmful chemicals in the rainwater and cut down on the amount of pollution reaching streams and rivers by up to 30%.

Native plants are recommended for rain gardens because they are more used to the local climate，soil，and water conditions.They may attract local wildlife such as native birds.Water your rain garden immediately after planting and once a week，unless you have had at least an inch of rain during the week.Once native plants establish the necessary root system，they will require little care.

Often，local governments and private businesses develop large rain gardens in their yards and in public parks as a way to improve the environment and solve flooding problems.However，you don’t need to be a professionally environmental engineer to create a rain garden.As long as you’re eco-conscious homeowners，you can help the environment by building smaller rain gardens in your yards.

1.Which of the following is NOT true for the function of rain gardens? A.They are good for living conditions. B.They increase pollution. C.They can beautify the community. D.They improve the environment. 答案 B

解析 细节理解题。根据第一段内容“Besides containing attractive flowers，trees and other plants that beautify the community，ecofriendly rain gardens are healthy for the environment and the people living and working nearby.”可知雨水花园对环境有益，并不会增加污染。故选B。 2.Which of the following is the ecofriendly function of rain gardens discussed in Paragraph 4? A.They can help reduce the pollution problem. B.They can keep the rain and storm water. C.They can be healthy for the people around. D.They can make the environment more beautiful. 答案 A

解析 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句话“What’s more，planting a rain garden helps reduce pollution and improve the environment.”可知，雨水花园有助于减少污染。故A正确。 3.One of the main reasons why native plants are recommended is that . A.they cost less and are much easier to get B.they may attract local wildlife to come C.they require little care from the local gardener D.they are more used to the local growing conditions 答案 D

解析 细节理解题。根据第五段第一句话“Native plants are recommended for rain gardens because they are more used to the local climate，soil，and water conditions.”可知，建议种本地的植物是因为本地的植物更适应本地的环境。 4.What do we know about rain gardens?

A.They need little water after all the plants are planted. B.They may attract local birds and change the local climate. C.They usually need at least an inch of rainwater a week. D.They may reduce the water pollution problem by 70%. 答案 C

解析 细节理解题。由第五段第三句话“Water your rain garden immediately after planting and once a week，unless you have had at least an inch of rain during the week.”可知，雨水花园一周需要至少一英尺的雨水。故选C。

阅读理解。阅读下面短文，选择最佳答案填空。B

The old shopkeeper led me through to the back of the shop. The room was filled with boxes and dusty photographs of people holding packages in their hands.

Mr. Hopkins said, \"We have a very wide choice of items for sale. Whenever I serve a new customer, I take his picture. \" Mr. Hopkins pointed to an ancient camera on a table.

I began to appreciate the lovely items on sale. I spent a very pleasant hour being shown the commodities in the shop. Finally, I bought an antique jewelry box, a pair of riding boots and a sewing machine.

I was very excited that I had found such a good little shop. \"I will tell all my friends about your lovely place. \" I told the shopkeeper. \"Please don't do that, sir. \" said Mr. Hopkins. \"This is a special place for special people. You must keep this shop a secret. \" Then he took my photograph and handed me the picture straight away.

\" That was quick ! \" I exclaimed. In the picture I looked proud and excited holding the presents I had bought there.

On Christmas Day, my friends and relatives were delighted with the presents I had bought for them.

For weeks, my brother begged me to take him to the wonderful little shop. I finally agreed. We walked along Oxford Street, past the department store and found---nothing. In its place was an empty space being used as a car park. I checked the area again. There was the music shop, and there was the department store. In between should have been Hopkins and Son, but it wasn't there.

Just then, an old policeman came. \"Are you looking for something, sir?\" he asked. \"I am looking for a little shop called Hopkins and Son. \"

\"Oh yes, there was a shop here 'once called Hopkins and Son. But it was knocked down over 30 years ago. \"

I looked again at the place, then I reached into my pocket and took out the photograph that Mr. Hopkins had taken of me holding my presents in the little shop.

\" How strange ! \" I screamed. 1. What did the author think of Hopkins and Son?

A. Big and modem. B. Old and outdated. C. Little and dusty. D. Lovely and wonderful. 2. We can infer from Paragraph 4 that Mr. Hopkins . . A. was ashamed of his little shop B. didn't like his shop to be advertised C. was one of the author's special friends D. handed the author his picture immediately 3. What does the underlined word \"commodities\" refer to? A. The goods in the shop. B. The author's gifts.

C. Photographs taken by Mr. Hopkins. D. Packages held by other customers. 4. What can we learn about the shop? A. It was closed by the police. . B. It was well - known in that area. C. It was knocked down a few weeks ago.

D. It was between a music shop and a department store. 参考答案1. D 2. B 3. A 4. D

高考英语阅读理解讲解及选练：推理判断（含答案）

阅读理解

Part of a research study，by scientists at McMaster university，which is ongoing into the influence of

drinking milk after heavy weightlifting，has observed that milk helps exercisers burn more fat. The scientists took three groups of young men 18 to 30 years of age,56 in total，and put them through a strict，five-day-per-week weightlifting program over a 12-week period. Following their workouts，study participants drank either two cups of skim milk (脱脂奶)，or a soy beverage with equivalent amounts of protein and energy，or a carbohydrate beverage (碳酸饮料) with an equivalent amount of energy.

Upon the study’s conclusion，scientists observed that：the milk drinking group had lost nearly twice as much fat—two pounds—as those in the carbohydrate beverage group，who lost one pound of fat. Those drinking soy lost no fat. At the same time，the gain in muscle was much greater among the milk drinkers than either the soy or carbohydrate beverage participants.

As published in the first stage of the study，the milk drinking group came out on top in terms of muscle gain with an estimated 40 percent or 2.5 pounds more muscle mass than the soy beverage drinkers. In addition，this group gained 63 percent or 3.3 pounds more muscle mass than the carbohydrate beverage drinkers.

“I think the evidence is beginning to increase，”says Stuart Phillips—the leader of the study.“Milk may be best known for its calcium (钙) content in supporting bone health，but our research，and later others’，can continually support milk’s ability to aid in muscle growth and also promote body fat loss. Milk is the ideal post­workout drink for recreational exercisers and athletes alike.” 1．According to the study，which is the best drink for exercisers to lose weight? A．Fruit juice. C．Skim milk.

解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段可知。 答案： C

2．From the passage we can learn that milk has a good effect on all of the following EXCEPT________.

B．Soy beverage. D．Carbohydrate beverage.

A．muscle gain C．bone health

B．brain development D．fat loss

解析： 细节理解题。根据前三段可知，牛奶可以gain muscle和lose fat，故A、D正确；根据最后一段中的“Milk may be best known for its calicium content in supporting bone health”可知C也正确，所以答案为B。 答案： B

3．According to the passage，we can know that________.

A．the scientists chose people aged 18,30 and 56 as participants of the research B．the weightlifting program which study participants attended was 84 days in total C．people who drink milk every day are always healthier and thinner than others D．soy beverages are better than carbohydrate beverages for exercisers to gain muscle

解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The scientists book three groups of young men 18 to 30 years of age,56 in total，”可知A错误；根据第二段中的“put them through a strict，

five­day­per­week weightlifting program over a 12­week period.”可知B错误；文章提到喝牛奶可以gain muscle和lose fat，但是并没有提到每天喝牛奶的人会比其他人健康、苗条，故C也错误。 答案： D

4．What does Philips want to tell us?

A．More evidence is needed to strengthen their research. B．Milk has more calcium than soy or carbohydrate beverages. C．The calcium in milk can also help gain muscle and lose fat.

D．Athletes should be forbidden to drink other beverages except milk.

解析： 细节理解题。由“...but our research，and later others’，can continually support milk’s ability to aid in muscle growth and also promote body fat loss.”可知答案。 答案： A

5．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．What exercisers should do to lose weight. B．How milk influences people’s health and figure.

C．The differences between milk and soy or carbohydrate beverages. D．A research on the effect of drinking milk—gain muscle and lose fat.

解析： 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了一项关于喝牛奶的最新研究成果，即喝牛奶可以gain muscle和lose fat，所以答案为D。 答案： D.

阅读理解的解题策略 阅读理解***推理判断类

常见的题干设问形式：

1.This passage/text would most likely be found in/taken from... 2.Where does this text probably come from? 3.What can be inferred from the passage?

4.We can infer from the text that.../According to the passage/text/author，we can... 5.What can we learn/infer from...?

6.Which of the following words/statements does...?

7.Why did the author mention...？/How did the...? 8.The author implies that...

9.From Paragraph 4 we can infer that...

10.It can be inferred/concluded/seen from the passage that... 11.The passage is probably written/intended for... 12.The author uses the examples of...to show that... 13.What’s the author’s attitude towards/opinion on... 14.The writer of the passage seems to think that... 15.What did sb.mean when he/she said...?

16.Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text? 17.What type of writing is this text?

18.Which of the following reflects the author’s opinion? 19.The author develops the text by... 推理判断题的相关知识与解题方法： 1.推理判断题应注意的5个问题：

(1)抓关键信息，逆向或正向推理。抓住某一段话中的关键信息，即某些关键词或短语，去分析、推理、判断。充分利用逆向思维或正向推理等方式，推断出所隐含的深层含义。 (2)整合全文(段)信息，综合推断。做推理题时，需要在弄懂全文意思的基础上，整合与题目相关的信息，综合起来去推理判断，确定最佳选项。

(3)从语境褒贬性看写作意图。几乎每篇文章的语境都有一定的褒贬性，它反映了主人公的特定心理和情绪状态及作者的写作意图，因此利用好这一点，就能在把握主旨大意的基础上对文章进行准确的逻辑判断。

(4)寻字里行间，定情感脉络。作者的思想倾向和感情色彩往往隐含在文章的字里行间，或流露于起修饰作用的词语之中。在推断过程中，应特别注意作者的措辞，尤其是表达感情色彩的形容词。

(5)据上下文逻辑，实事求是判断。逻辑结论是指严格根据文章中所陈述的事实、论点、例证等一系列论据材料进行推理，从而得出合乎逻辑的结论，而不是仅仅根据自己的经验、态度、观点或爱好去理解。

2.推理判断题的常见题材：

(1)报纸：前面会出现日期、地点或通讯社名称。 (2)广告：因其格式特殊，容易辨认。

(3)产品说明：器皿、设备的使用说明会有产品名称或操作方式，而药品的服用说明会告知服用时间、次数、药量等。如果没有以上格式，就需要根据文章内容进行推断。 如：2015浙江C片段

Living in a glare of our own making，we have cut ourselves off from our evolutionary and cultural heritage—the light of the stars and the rhythms of day and night.In a very real sense，light pollution causes us to lose sight of our true place in the universe，to forget the scale of our being，which is best measured against the dimensions of a deep night with the Milky Way—the edge of our galaxy—arching overhead.

53.It is implied in the last paragraph that . A.light pollution does harm to the eyesight of animals B.light pollution has destroyed some of the world heritages C.human beings cannot go to the outer space

D.human beings should reflect on their position in the universe 答案 D

解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“In a very real sense，light pollution causes us to lose sight of our true place in the universe...”可推断出我们人类应该反思自己，审视自己的位置。故选D项。

【健康环保类—阅读理解】（2015模拟题） Horton

At first glance，there is little in Horton to attract people.The other nearby towns have much more to offer：Bradfield has its river and historic buildings，while Newtown has shops and entertainment.The buildings of Horton look dirty and unloved.For shops，there is a small

supermarket，a few bargain shops，a bakery which，strangely，does not sell bread and a florist which

has one stand of sad-looking flowers.Even so，Horton has several advantages over its neighbouring towns.

Firstly，it has a country park.Four thousand years ago，this was an important fort.There are no historic remains here now，but there are wonderful views over the countryside.On sunny weekends you can often see kids out with their parents，kicking balls or flying kites.

There aren’t many job opportunities in Horton，and the roads to nearby cities aren’t really fast，but there are excellent rail links. You can be in London in an hour and a half，and other cities are less than an hour away. That means that parents can earn a good salary and still get home in time to spend the evenings with their families. Houses in Horton aren’t pretty，but they’re functional and cheap. The streets are quiet and safe，and there are plenty of parks and playgrounds. It has a library，three primary schools and a secondary school，St.Mark’s. It is friendly and offers a wide range of subjects and activities to children of all abilities and backgrounds. The town also has a swimming and a sports centre，and the community halls hold regular clubs and events for people of all ages. 1.What is the writer’s main purpose? A.To explain what tourists can do in Horton. B.To explain why Horton is a good place to live in. C.To explain why Horton is not as pleasant as other towns. D.To describe the history of Horton. 答案 B

解析 写作意图题。通读全文，并根据文章第一段最后一句“Even so，Horton has several advantages over its neighbouring towns.”和第三段对该地方的介绍说明作者想说的就是Horton这个地方适于居住。故选B。

2.Which part of Horton does the writer find disappointing? A.The shops. C.Transport links. 答案 A

解析 细节理解题。根据文章第一段对该镇商店的描述“For shops，there is a small supermarket，

B.Country park. D.The schools.

a few bargain shops，a bakery which，strangely，does not sell bread and a florist which has one stand of sad­looking flowers.”可知这里的商店让人失望。故选A。 3.Which of the following is NOT the advantage of Horton? A.Plenty of parks and playgrounds. B.Historical buildings. C.The quiet and safe streets. D.Functional and cheap houses. 答案 B

解析 细节理解题。根据第三段的“Houses in Horton aren’t pretty，but they’re functional and cheap.The streets are quiet and safe，and there are plenty of parks and playgrounds.”排除A、C、D三项；只有B不是Horton的优势。故选B。 4.What advantages does Horton bring to workers? A.There are plenty of jobs available in the town. B.You can drive to nearby cities in a short time. C.You can get to several cities quickly by train.

D.Working conditions are better here than in other towns. 答案 C

解析 细节理解题。根据文章第三段的“You can be in London in an hour and a half，and other cities are less than an hour away.That means that parents can earn a good salary and still get home in time to spend the evenings with their families.”可知住在这里的工人们能够坐火车很快地到达附近的城市。故选C。

【健康环保类—阅读理解】（2015模拟题）

Norm Pethrick，a 36­year­old man in Australia’s northern city Darwin，was praised on Thursday for jumping onto a crocodile’s back to save his wife Wendy at Litchfield National Park，a popular tourist spot southwest of Darwin，a local newspaper reported.

Mrs Pethrick was standing on a river bank Wednesday afternoon when the saltwater crocodile

lunged (扑)，locking its jaws on both her legs as it tried to drag her underwater.Norm Pethrick，who with his wife had been collecting water，immediately went to help her.He jumped onto the back，poked (戳) the eyes of the crocodile and finally got his wife free.

Mrs Pethrick was later taken to Royal Darwin Hospital for a medical treatment.The doctors said she was suffering eight puncture wounds (伤口) in her right leg，a puncture wound in her left leg and a serious cut to one of her fingers.

“This could have been a fatal and tragic situation，” said the general manager of Royal Darwin Hospital (RDH)，Dr Len Notaras，according to a local report.

He said Mrs Pethrick was saved by her husband’s “quick and diligent actions”.

Dr Notaras also said she would remain in hospital for three to four days and have an operation to clean the wounds，which are easy to get infected because of bacteria (细菌) on the teeth of the crocodile.

1.This passage is most likely to be found in . A.a travel guide C.a textbook 答案 B

解析 文章出处题。根据第一段中的“a local newspaper reported”可知，这是一篇新闻报道。故选B。

2.The crocodile attacked Mrs Pethrick when she was . A.swimming in the river B.standing on the river bank C.watching the crocodile D.fishing in the water 答案 B

解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Mrs Pethrick was standing on a river bank Wednesday afternoon when the saltwater crocodile lunged(扑)...”，可知鳄鱼袭击Mrs Pethrick时，她正站在河边。故选B。

3.Which of the following statements is TRUE about Mrs Pethrick?

B.a newspaper D.a novel

A.Her eyes were badly poked. B.She had eight wounds altogether. C.One of her fingers also got hurt.

D.One of the crocodile’s teeth was found in her leg. 答案 C

解析 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“The doctors said she was suffering eight puncture wounds(伤口) in her right leg，a puncture wound in her left leg and a serious cut to one of her fingers.”可知，她右腿有8处伤口，左腿有一处伤，还有一个手指受伤严重。故选C。 4.According to the passage，Norm Pethrick can be described as following EXCEPT . A.brave C.quick 答案 D

解析 推理判断题。根据第一段和倒数第二段可知，Pethrick从鳄鱼口中救下妻子表明他反应迅速，机智勇敢。故选D。

B.diligent D.humorous

【2016届石家庄市高中毕业班质量检测（二）试题】阅读理解。阅读下面短文，选择最佳答案填空。A

I grew up in a family that ate dinner together every evening. Although my parents enjoyed wine, they rarely drank during the week and always in moderation (节制). As for myself, I wasn’t interested in alcoholic drinks and neither were my high school friends.

So when I arrived on campus for my first year of university life, I was a bit shocked. Many different events had been organized for the freshmen, but they all had one thing in common ― alcohol, and plenty of it. Not wanting to be left out, I joined a few of the events. But I always returned home early, feeling disappointed. Your personality, interests and experiences didn’t matter at all, only how many alcoholic drinks you could absorb before passing out (喝醉). It seemed shallow to me. I wanted to get to know my new coursemates, not how fast they could

down a pint of beer.

Gradually, however, I realized that real friends don’t judge you by how much you can drink and there were other ways of making friends. I joined a photography society, took a first aid course, and every weekend I went cycling with a coursemate. I found that by engaging in these activities and sharing the fun of learning new skills together in a group, I formed much stronger bonds with my new friends than even the strongest alcoholic drinks could encourage.

Another valuable lesson I learned is that it’s perfectly okay to say “No” if you don’t want to drink. However, in many Western societies, especially the UK, binge drinking (狂喝) has become the norm. Many people who drink don’t necessarily want to, but they give in to the peer pressure (同伴压力)― they’re afraid to say “No”. 1. What shocked the author when he entered university? A. The strange campus. B. The popularity of alcohol. C. The drunken coursemates. D. The limited activities.

2. Why did the author return home early from the events at first? A. He wasn’t good at drinking. B. He had no familiar coursemates. C. He hated the way people got along. D. He was left out by the organizers.

3. How did the author finally make real friends at university? A. By saying “No” to alcoholic drinks. B. By staying away from group activities. C. By giving in to the peer pressure. D. By joining people with common interests. 参考答案BCD

高考英语阅读理解讲解及选练：主旨大意（含答案）

高考英语阅读理解集训。

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。 Two recent studies have found that punishment is not the best way to influence behavior. One showed that adults are much more cooperative if they work in a system based on rewards. Researchers at Harvard University in the United States and the Stockholm School of Economics in Sweden did the study.

They had about two hundred college students play a version of the game known as the Prisoner’s Dilemma. The game is based on the tension (紧张气氛) between the interests (利益) of an individual and a group. The students played in groups of four. Each player could win points for the group, so they would all gain equally. But each player could also reward or punish each of the other three players, at a cost to the punisher.

Harvard researcher David Rand says the most successful behavior proved to be cooperation. The groups that rewarded it the most earned about twice as much in the game as the groups that rewarded it the least. And the more a group punished itself, the lower its earnings were. The group with the most punishment earned twenty-five percent less than the group with the least punishment. The study appeared last month in the journal Science.

The other study involved children. It was presented last month in California at a conference on violence and abuse. Researchers used intelligence tests given to two groups. More than eight hundred children aged two to four the first time they were tested. More than seven hundred children aged five to nine.

The two groups were retested four years later, and the study compared the results with the first test. Both groups contained children whose parents used physical punishment and children whose parents did not. The study says the IQs--or intelligence quotients--of the younger children who were not spanked were five points higher than those who were. In the older group, the difference was almost three points.

Murray Strauss from the University of New Hampshire worked with Mallie Paschall from the Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation. Professor Strauss has written extensively about physical punishment of children. He says the more they are spanked, the slower their mental development. He also looked at average IQs in other nations and found them lower where spanking was more common.

1．Which could be the best title of the passage? A. Punishment

B. The Best Way to Influence Behavior.

C. Punishment or Reward: Which Works Better on Behavior? D. Two Recent Studies.

2．The underlined word “spanked” probably means______. A. won B. punished C. tested D. praised

3．According to the passage, the researchers may agree the best way to influence behavior is______.

A. rewarding good behavior B. correcting bad behavior

C. punishing badly-behaved children D. praising well-behaved children

试题分析：文章主要介绍了两项研究的过程和研究成果。近期的两项研究显示，惩罚不是影响行为的最好方法。其中一项研究显示，成年人在一个基于奖励的机制中更具合作性。另一项研究表明，惩罚不利于孩子心智的发展。

1．选择最佳标题。A项太片面；文章没有提到最好的方法，排除B；D项不够具体；根据第二段“One showed that adults are much more cooperative if they work in a system based on rewards.”和第六段“of the younger children who were not spanked were five points higher than those who were”可知，研究表明，奖励能够促进合作，惩罚不利于孩子的心智发展，故选C。

2．猜测词义题。根据带第六段“who were not spanked were five points higher than those who were”可知，被父母体罚的孩子，他们的智商比没有受到体罚的孩子的低5分，根据最后一段“He

says the more they are spanked, the slower their mental development.”可知，孩子受到的惩罚越多，他们的心智发展得越慢，说明划线词是“惩罚”的意思，故选B。

3．推理判断题。B、D两项文中未提及；根据倒数第二段“of the younger children who were not spanked were five points higher than those who were”和最后一段“the more they are spanked, the slower their mental development”可知，惩罚不利于孩子的身心发展，排除C；根据第二段“adults are much more cooperative if they work in a system based on rewards”和第六段“five points higher than those who were”可知，奖励能够促进合作，而惩罚不利于孩子心智的发展，只有A项与奖励有关，故选A。

阅读理解的解题策略 阅读理解***主旨大意类

常见的题干设问形式： 1.主题型主旨归纳题

The main idea (central idea) of the passage is... The passage is mainly about... The passage mainly discusses...

The passage is concerned primarily about...

Which of the following statements can best summarize/sum up the main idea of the passage? Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage? What is the passage/text mainly about? 2.标题型主旨归纳题

The best title for the passage might be...

Which of the following titles best summarizes the main idea of the passage? What can/might be the best title for the text/the passage? 3.目的型主旨归纳题

The author’s main purpose in writing the passage is to... The passage is meant to...

The author’s purpose is to show... The purpose of the article is to... What does the author want to tell us? What is the purpose of the text? 主旨大意题的解题方法：

主题句是文章的核心，它往往是一个有很强概括性和代表性的句子。找到了文章主题句，文章的中心思想也就显而易见了。

1.主题句位于首段：其特点是开门见山地提出论点，再分别说明。 2.主题句位于尾段：其特点是归纳式，即细节在前，概括在后。

3.主题句位于中间段落：其特点是引出话题→论述主题→解释。了解这一特点有利于考生根据文章开头和结尾的内容进行综合推理。

若文章无主题句，考生可以依据文中的事实、细节、观点，归纳出文章的主题。 主旨大意题的出题形式： 1.标题归纳题 (1)标题特征

①概括性。文章的标题能最大程度地概括全文，直接指向文章的主要内容，体现文章主旨。 ②醒目性。标题要能吸引读者的注意力，唤起读者对文章的阅读兴趣。标题是文章的点睛之笔，是

文章的灵魂，要简洁、突出、新颖。标题的好坏往往影响读者阅读的兴趣。读者一般会通过阅读标题来取舍文章，故标题要醒目，以吸引读者的注意力。

(2)标题的归纳方式

要做好标题归纳题，还需要了解标题的归纳方式。一般来说，标题的归纳方式是：以话题为核心，将控制性概念的词按一定的语法原则浓缩为概括主题句句意或中心思想的词组。

比如某文章的中心句子为：Coffee is a universal beverage that is served in different ways around the world.

话题：Coffee

控制性概念：is a universal beverage that is served in different ways around the world 标题：Coffee Around the World

注意，做此类题时，要避免下列三种错误：

(1)概括不够(多表现为部分替代整体，从而导致范围太小)； (2)过度概括(多表现为人为扩大范围)； (3)以事实、细节替代文章大意。 如：2015浙江C片段

If humans were truly at home under the light of the moon and stars，we would go in darkness happily，the midnight world as visible to us as it is to the vast number of nocturnal(夜间活动的) species on this planet .Instead，we are diurnal creatures，with eyes adapted to living in the sun’s light.T his is a basic evolutionary fact，even though most of us don’t think of ourselves as diurnal beings. Yet it’s the only way to explain what we’ve done to the night：We’ve engineered it to receive us by filling it with light. 54.What might be the best title for the passage? A.The Magic Light B.The Orange Haze C.The Disappearing Night D.The Rhythms of Nature 答案 C

解析 标题归纳题。本文第一段点明文章主旨：人类使夜晚充满了人造光线，使得夜晚不再黑暗，但这么做导致了光污染，其不好影响是非常巨大的。且文章中出现最多的就是light和night。之所以不选A，是因为它所使用的形容词magic意思是“奇幻的”，这个词具有褒义的意思，而C选项中的disappearing意为“消失的”，故选项C最合适。

【健康环保类—阅读理解】

The fourth round of heavy smog that hit Beijing in four weeks has sent more people to the hospital with respiratory(呼吸的) illnesses and led to calls for laws to control the pollution.

Pan Shiyi，a real estate developer，said he is planning to propose(提出) a Clean Air Act to the local government. As a representative of the Beijing Municipal People’s Congress，he started an online survey at 9：20 am. Within three hours，more than 25,000 web users，or 99 percent of total respondents，welcomed his proposal on Sina Weibo，China’s Twitter.

They have good reasons to stand alongside Pan. The latest round of haze(雾霾) reduced visibility to under 500 meters in many parts of the city. The smog has also led to a great increase in respiratory illnesses，particularly among children and the elderly. Anxious parents and doctors about all blame the smoggy air for the illnesses. Though most schoolchildren are home for the winter holidays，the bad air can easily move indoors. Besides，ordinary medical masks fail to provide adequate protection，so some people have turned to gas masks and respirators(呼吸器).

The causes of the scary smog are rather mysterious，though experts blame excessive emissions and the mountains around Beijing that trap pollution in winter，unless there is adequate wind to clear it away. Some critics have pointed fingers at China’s top two oil firms，China National Petroleum Corp and China Petrochemical Corporation，saying the companies’ outdated production technologies produce large quantities of substandard，high-polluting gas fuel.

Meanwhile，concerned Beijingers have moved their brainstorming sessions to cyberspace. If Pan’s proposal for a Clean Air Act is adopted，netizens say the new law should include items providing for “car-free days” in times of smog，higher standards for vehicle fuel，stricter restrictions on industrial and exhaust gas emissions，and more effective protection for the public.

Beijing is not the only city that has ever lost the blue sky.Five days of thick fog caused thousands of deaths in Britain in December 1952，urging the government to pass the first Clean Air Act in 1956，which introduced smokeless zones and cleaner fuels to reduce pollution.That may provide some experience for Beijing to refer to.

1.Why did Pan Shiyi started an online survey? A.To investigate the public’s opinions on pollution. B.To tell people the danger of the smoggy weather. C.To call on more people to support his proposal. D.To collect supporting evidences for his proposal. 答案 D

解析 推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容可知，潘石屹发起网上调查，是因为他计划向地方政府提交《清洁空气法案》的提议(proposal)，首先排除A、B两项；再根据常识判断，网上发起投票调查，是为了收集提议受到支持的证据，使其更具说服力，故答案选D。

2.What can we learn from the passage?

A.People are clear about the causes of the smoggy weather. B.Children staying indoors will not get respiratory illnesses. C.Smog is worse for people with lower resistance to diseases. D.Masks can give people protection against the smoggy weather. 答案 C

解析 细节理解题。根据第三段第三句可知选C，雾霾导致呼吸性系统疾病的增长，尤其在老人和儿童中(抵抗力较低的人群)。根据第四段第一句可知A项错误；根据第三段倒数第二句可知B项错误；根据第三段最后一句可知D项错误。

3.Britain is mentioned in the last paragraph to . A.suggest Beijing should learn from other countries B.let people know many places have this problem C.tell people the situation in Britain is worse

D.call on the government to pass Britain’s Clean Air Act 答案 A

解析 推理判断题。根据全文最后一句可推断出，举例是建议北京向英国学习，早日制定《清洁空气法案》。

4.What’s the best title for this passage? A.The Use of Gas Masks and Respirators B.Beijingers Call for a Clean Air Act C.Effective Protection for Blue Sky D.The Mysterious Causes of the Scary Smog 答案 B

解析 标题归纳题。文章介绍了北京持续出现的雾霾天气导致的严重危害以及网民们呼吁制定《清洁空气法案》，故B项符合文章主旨。

【健康环保类—阅读理解】

Archaeologists Discover 110 New Warrior Statues in China

After being barried for centuries,110 new warrior statues has been discovered in Xi’an，China. The statues are part of a collection of life-size figures of warriors and horses called the Terracotta Army(兵马俑).The group of more than 7,000 life-size clay sculptures was built in 210 B.C.to guard the tomb of China’s first emperor，Qin Shi Huang.

Shen Maosheng，from the Qin Shi Huang Terracotta Warriors and Horses Museum，said archaeologists had located another 11 warriors but had not yet begun to dig the sculptures up.“The most significant discovery is that the relics that were found were well-preserved and colorfully painted，” Maosheng told AFP.

The Warriors’ History

The sculptures were discovered by a group of farmers in 1974.While digging a well，the workers found three pits filled with the lifelike figures，which were made of a type of terracotta clay. Experts say that long ago，Emperor Qin Shi Huang ordered the creation of the clay army，along with a 20-square-mile tomb in which to house it. For 36 years,700,000 laborers built this underground city. It contains models of palaces and towers，and was protected from intruders(闯入者) by.The city lay buried for more than 2,000 years.

A Worldwide Attraction

Today，people from around the world visit China to see the terracotta warriors. What makes the soldiers so special？Each figure was individually carved，so they have different hairstyles，expressions and facial features. The details make the soldiers appear true to life. Inside the pit，the statues are arranged by military rank. The higher the rank，the taller the statue. The shortest statue is 5 feet 8 inches. The tallest is 6 feet 6 inches. The lower half of each soldier is made of solid clay，while the upper half is hollow. This makes it easier for the figures to remain upright.

Great Wall

The discovery of Xi’an’s 110 new warriors comes after a new finding about the Great Wall of China. An archaeological survey revealed the Great Wall of China is more than twice as long as previously thought. The wall originally measured 5,500 miles but now measures 13,170 miles. Beijing officials plan to open two new sections of the Great Wall and to expand other areas to make room for more tourists.

1.The Terracotta Army was buried underground to . A.guard Qin Shi Huang’s tomb B.guard Qin Shi Huang and his family

C.show how powerful the Qin Dynasty was D.honour a war that broke out in 210 B.C. 答案 A

解析 细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句可知，兵马俑被埋在地下是为了保卫秦始皇的陵墓。答案选A。

2.The newly discovered warrior statues are special in that . A.they were in the same uniform B.they were different sizes C.they were colorfully painted D.they were made of solid clay 答案 C

解析 细节理解题。根据第二段可知，在西安发现的兵马佣不仅保存完好，而且是彩绘的。答案选C。

3.The terracotta warriors can stand upright because . A.they were arranged by military

B.they were supported by soil from all sides C.each figure looked different from the others D.the lower half is heavier than the upper half 答案 D

解析 推理判断题。根据第四段最后两句可知，兵马俑的下身是实心的，上身是空心的，由此可推知兵马佣的下身比上身重，所以能够直立。答案选D。

4.Why will two new sections of the Great Wall be open? A.To allow more tourists to visit. B.To make the visit more interesting. C.To show how long the Great Wall is. D.To have a true picture of Chinese history. 答案 A

解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“Beijing officials plan to open two new sections of the Great Wall and to expand other areas to make room for more tourists.”可知A正确。

【2016南昌市第一次模拟测试卷】

阅读理解。阅读下面短文，选择最佳答案填空。D

When people introduce themselves, I always hear them say \"I'm just a housewife\". I don't understand why their introduction is always filled with regret and self - pity. Is it, really a crime to be a housewife? Is it really embarrassing when you choose not to work outside and instead choose to work in your home？

How could you be \"just a housewife\" when the basic social unit of society depends on you and your service? A housewife works for the longest hour, supporting your husband, child studies, caring for elders, managing finances, paying bills, grocery shopping, cooking according to individual taste-, cleaning, etc. A housewife could be anyone: daughter, wife, mother, teacher, financial advisor, fashion designerand nurse, gardener, driver, cook, and so on. Don't think you are not being paid for it. You ~;et the reward that no money can offer-the love and affection of your family, their trust洒 you, a happy home and your own satisfaction.

It is you who choose to be in this occupation, willingly or for any other reason. After a busy day, all wait to return to the comfortable home set by you. They know you will be there to absorb all their stress and tiredness and relax them. Would the life have been the same had you been working outside to earn some money? Would you along with your family have been able to buy all the content in life that you are enjoying now with that money?

Respect yourself for what you are. Introduce yourself to the world with the same dignity. The world understands the importance of your job; it's time to make them accept it. Introduce yourself with pride and with twinkle in your eyes \"I am a housewife\". Kick that \"just\" out. .

1. How do people feel when they say \"I'm just a housewife\"？

A. Satisfied. B. Proud. C. Regretful. D. Anxious.

2. Listing the housewife's duties, the author implies a housewife . A. usually leads a terrible life B. plays a more important role

C. does not always get her reward D. makes a great contribution to the family

3. If a housewife worked outside, she would . A. have the same life like before family

C. absorb her family's stress enjoying

4. What is the author's attitude toward housewives?

A. Supportive. B. Doubtful. 参考答案1. C 2. D 3. D 4. A

B. set a comfortable home for her

D. lose the content that she is C. Opposed. D. Tolerant.