广西壮族自治区玉林市启德中学2021-2022学年高二英语下学期期末试卷含解析

一、 选择题

1. Is David William the owner of a website ______ he encourages people to protect the environment? A. that B. which C. where D. who 参： C

2. Father is strongly opposed ______ shopping on Sunday because the streets and supermarkets are full of people.

A. to do B. to doing C. of doing D. with doing 参： B

3. Physical exercises not only are useful for character training but also can ________ man’s body. A. make up B. keep up C. bring up D. build up 参： D 略

4. I witnessed the whole terrible accident, so I was taken to the police station and described it _______.

A. at random B. at length C. on purpose D. on end 参： B

5. I’ve been so occupied _____ used to everything that I haven’t had time for social activities. A. to get B. to be C. getting D. being 参：

C

6. Having been asked about the question again and again, . A. my energy gave out in the end B. there was no choice but to give up

C. it made the little boy really annoyed D. Jim’s mother finally lost her patience 参： D

7. It was ____back home after the experiment .

A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didn’t go C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didn’t go 参：

C

8. _______ full preparations, they thought it better to put off the sports meet till next week.

A. Having not made B. Not having made C. Not to have made D. To have made

参：

B

9. -------- Shall we go out to play basketball?

------ ______? It’s my favourite.

A How come B Why not C So what D What for 参： B 略

10. _____ no doubt _____ the Amber Room is one of the wonders of the world.

A. It is; that B. It is; whether C. There is; that D. There is; whether 参：

C

略

11. The girl looked at me with a _____ expression. Maybe the problem was quite _____. A. puzzled; puzzling B. puzzling; puzzled C. puzzled; puzzled D. puzzling; puzzling

参：

A

略

12. Film has a much shorter history, especially when _____such art forms as music and painting. A. having compared to B. comparing to C. compare to D. compared to 参： D

13. The number of people present at the meeting _______ two hundred and a number of them _______ from the countryside.

A. is, are B. is, is C. are, are D. are, is 参： A

14. Mark received a letter ________ his mother would come to see him soon. A. said B. says C. saying D. to say 参： C

15. ——Mum, I can’t help _____ some housework tonight. There’ll be a football match. —— All right.

A doing B done C do D did

参：

C

16. We tried to find a table for eight, but they were all __________.

A. taken up B. given away C. kept away D. used up

参：

A

17. Would you feel ______ if you rushed to the cinema only to find the tickets had been sold out?

A. tired B. satisfied C. annoyed D. excited 参： C 略

18. It was not until the scientist died we appreciated the true significance of his discoveries. A. after B. before C. when D. that 参： D 略

二、 短文改错

19. 短文改错。（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）

请修改以下短文：文有10处语言错误，错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在该词下面写出修改的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\\）划掉。修改：在错的词下面划一条横线（_），并在该词下面写出修改的词。注意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分

I couldn’t believe my ears when I heard my name calling. I was chosen to play the leading role in the play, that was my dream. As a shy and thin girl, I was used to be quite afraid of speaking in the public. But my parents and teachers always encourage me to do so. Now I have changed great. In class, I am often the first one to stand up and answer questions even if I may take some mistakes. No pains, no gains. Now I am always brave enough overcome the difficulty in my heart and have changed in a lively girl. So my experience shows that we should not be afraid of losing face and only in this way can we make progresses.

参：

I couldn’t believe my ears when I heard my name calling. I was chosen to play the leading called

role in the play, that was my dream. As a shy and thin girl, I was used to be quite afraid which 去掉

of speaking in the public. But my parents and teachers always encourage me to do so. Now I have 去

掉 encouraged

changed great. In class, I am often the first one to stand up and answer questions even if I may greatly

take some mistakes. No pains, no gains. Now I am always brave enough∧ overcome the make to

difficulty in my heart and have changed in a lively girl. So my experience shows that we should into

not be afraid of losing face and only in this way can we make progresses progress 三、 阅读理解

20. Oh, the places you’ll go!

When it comes to habitat, human beings are creatures of habit. It has been known for a long time that, whether his habitat is a village, a city or, for real globe-trotters (周游世界者), the planet itself, an individual person generally visits the same places regularly. The details, though, have been surprisingly obscure. Now, thanks to an analysis of data collected from 40,000 smartphone users around the world, a new property of humanity’s locomotive (移动的) habits has been revealed.

It turns out that someone’s “location capacity”, the number of places which he or she visits regularly, remains constant over periods of months and years. What constitutes a “place” depends on what distance between two places makes them separate. But analyzing movement patterns helps illuminate the distinction and the researchers found that the average location capacity was 25. If a new location does make its way into the set of places an individual tends to visit, an old one drops out in response. People do not, in other words, gather places like collector cards. Rather, they cycle through them. Their geographical behavior is limited and predictable, not fancy-free.

The study demonstrating this, just published in Nature Human Behavior, does not offer any explanation for the limited location capacity it measures. But a statistical analysis carried out by the authors shows that it cannot be explained solely by constraints on time. Some other factor is at work. One of the researchers draws an analogy. He suggests that people’s cognitive capacity limits the number of places they can visit routinely, just as it limits the number of other people an individual can routinely socialize with. That socialization figure, about 150 for most people, is known as the Dunbar number, after its discoverer, Robin Dunbar.

Lehmann says his group is now in search of similar data from other primates (灵长目动物), in an attempt to work out where human patterns of mobility have their roots. For those, though, they will have to rely on old-fashioned methods of zoological observation unless they can work out a way to get chimpanzees to carry smartphones.

36. The underlined word “obscure” in paragraph 1 can be replaced by .

A. clear B. little known C. accurate D. long forgotten

37. How can the researchers get similar data from other primates? A. Observe the primates or let them carry smartphones. B. Work together with Robin Dunbar. C. Carry out statistical analysis.

D. Publish essays in Nature Human Behavior.

参：

36. B 37. A 【分析】

通过搜集大量智能手机用户的数据，研究者得出一个人通常会定期访问相同的地方，这与人的位置能力有关，动物也是如此。 【36题详解】

猜测词义题。研究表明一个人通常会定期访问相同的地方，尽管细节还出人意料地模糊不清。上句是人们得出的结论，下句是数据的来源。句中though 表示意思转折，“obscure”指模糊不清的，与little known同义，故选B. 【37题详解】

细节理解题。根据最后一段For those, though, they will have to rely on old-fashioned methods of zoological observation unless they can work out a way to get chimpanzees to carry smartphones.可知人们研究其他灵长类动物，可以通过让黑猩猩携带智能手机或依靠老式的动物学观察方法得到数据。故选A.

【点睛】词义猜测题要根据词、词组、句子所在的语境上下文来判断其意义。因此熟练掌握一些猜词技巧是做好这类题的关键。命题者在出这类题时惯用常规词义来麻痹考生，我们要特别注意熟词生义，切不可脱离语境主观臆断。

下面结合文本及近几年高考试题，对词义猜测的技巧加以解读。 1.根据定义或上下文解释进行猜测

有时短文中出现一个需要猜测其意义的词或短语，下面接着出现其定义或解释，这就是判断该词或短语意义的主要依据。例如：It will be very hard but also very brittle—that is, it will break easily.从后面that is(也就是说)的解释中我们可以了解到brittle 是“脆”的意思。 2.根据同位关系进行猜测

阅读中出现的难词有时后面紧跟一个同位语，对前面的词进行解释，这时可利用同位关系对前面或后面的词义或句意进行猜测。例如：The “Chunnel”, a tunnel(隧道) connecting England and France, is now complete.此句中a tunnel connecting England and France是Chunnel的同位语。因此，The “Chunnel”就

是英法之间的海底隧道。

3.根据构词法(前缀、后缀、复合、派生等)进行猜测

在英语中，有很多词可以在前面加前缀，在后面加后缀，从而构成一个词，乍看起来，这个词可能是新词，但掌握了一定的构词知识，就不难猜出它的词义。例如：“Our parties are aimed for children 2 to 10,” Anaclerio said, “and they’re very interactive and creative in that they built a sense of drama based on a subject.”文中interactive是由前缀inter-(相互的)和active(活动的，活跃的)而构成的，同时根据上下文的意思可以判断，该词的含义应是“互动的”。 4.根据转折或对比关系进行猜测

根据上下句的连接词，如but, however, otherwise等就可以看到前后句在意义上的差别，从而依据某一句的含义，来确定另一句的含义。另外，分号也可以表示转折、对比或不相干的意义。例如：A child’s birthday party doesn’t have to be a hassle; it can be a basket of fun.从前后两句的意思可以看出，hassle和a basket of fun肯定是近乎相反的意义。所以不难判断hassle的意思是“困难，麻烦”。