自考“英语国家概况”新考纲题目整理（4）

　　1. The United Kingdom is governed in the name of _________， by_________.　　A. the king； His Majesty's Government　　B. the Queen； Her Majesty's Government　　C. the Sovereign； Prime Minister

　　D. the Sovereign； His or Her Majesty's government 答案：D　　2.__________is the “supreme governor” of the Church of English.　　A. The monarch B. The Archbishop

　　C. The Archbishop of Canterbury D. The Roman Pope 答案：A　　3. The United Kingdom is a _______state.　　A. unitary B. federal C. republic D. feudal 答案：A

　　4.The British monarchy can be traced back to at least ________century.　　A. the 7th B. the 8th C. the 9th D. the 10th 答案：C

　　5.In Britain the citizens aged _______ or over have the right to vote.　　A. 16 B. 18 C. 21 D. 30 答案：B

　　6.Local authorities in Great Britain raise revenue through _________.　　A. the council tax B. the income tax

　　C. the capital receipts D. the personal contribution 答案：A

　　7.In Britain a candidate must be at least _______or over with the deposit of &_____.　　A. 20；500 B.21；500 C.20；800 D.18；400 答案：B　　8.The House of Common is headed by________.　　A. the Prime Minister B. the Speaker

　　C. the Lord Chancellor D. the Monarch 答案：B

　　9.By tradition， the leader of the majority party is appointed _________by the Sovereign in the United Kingdom.　　A. the Prime Minister B. Member of Parliament　　C. Lord of Appeal D. Speaker of the House 答案：A　　10.The British Cabinet is presided by _________.　　A. the Prime Minister B. the Speaker

　　C. the Lord Chancellor D. the Monarch 答案：A

　　11.The Social and Liberal Democratic Party is the combination of the Social Democratic Party and _________.　　A. the Conservative Party B. the Labour Party　　C. the Liberal Party D. the Green Party 答案：C

　　12.Which of the following about UK's monarchy is not true？　　A. The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy.

　　B. There is no written constitution in the United Kingdom.　　C. Today the Queen holds the real power in UK.　　D. The continuity of the monarchy has been broken only.　　答案：C

　　13.The leader of the House of Lords is ________.　　A. the Speaker B. the Monarch

　　C. the Prime Minster D. the Lord Chancellor 答案：D　　14.Northern Ireland is divided into _________districts.　　A. 20 B. 26 C. 36 D. 40 答案：B

　　15.Which of the following is not one of the members of the Lords Temporal？

　　A. All hereditary peers and peeresses of England， Scotland， Great Britain and the United Kingdom （but not peers ofIreland）。

　　B. Lire peers created to assist the House in its judicial duties.　　C. Senior bishops of the Church of England.　　D. All other life peers.　　⼀句话解释

　　1.How often is the general election held in Britain？

　　答：In Britain the general election is normally held every five years.　　2. What's the clerk of the parliament responsible for？

　　答：The Clerk of the Parliament is responsible for the records of proceedings of the House of Lords and for the text ofActs of Parliament

　　3. What did the term “parliament” originally mean？

　　答：The term “parliament” originally meant a meeting for parley or discussion.　　4. What's the Speaker？

　　答：The Speaker is the head of the House of Commons.　　5. What is the House of Lords made up of？

　　答：It is made up of the Lords Spiritual and the Lords Temporal.　　6. What did the English Industrial Revolution begin with？　　答：It began with the textile industry.

　　7. Which war was relatively smooth， with no bloodshed， nor any execution of the king in Britain？　　答：It is the Glorious Revolution.

　　8. What were the forerunners of the Liberal Party in Britain？　　答：They are Whigs.

　　9. How many members are there in the House of Commons？　　答：There are 651 members in the House of Commons.

　　10. What is the difference between the ancestors of the English and Scots， Welsh and Irish？

　　答：The ancestors of the English are Anglo-Saxons， while the Scots， Welsh and Irish are Celts.　　11.What is the main function of the House of Lords in Britain？

　　答：Its main function is to bring the wide experience of its members into the process of making law.　　名词解释

　　1. Constitutional Monarchy

　　答：The British monarchy is known as constitutional monarchy. It means the monarchy's powers are limited by law andParliament. The monarchy actually has no real power. Constitutional monarchy began after the Glorious Revolution in 1688.　　2. the Privy Council

　　答：The Privy Council was formerly the chief source of executive power in the United Kingdom. It's origins can be tracedback to the King's Council， which in the 13th century gave the Sovereign advice on the government of the country. After theGlorious Revolution of 1688， it Gradually lost its importance. Much of its work was taken over by the Cabinet until the 18thcentury. Today it's role is largely formal， advising the Sovereign to approve certain government decrees， and issuing royalproclamations.

　　3. Social Security System

　　答：Social Security System is a part of welfare system which is designed to secure a basic standard of living for peoplein financial need， providing financial help for those who are elderly， sick， disabled， unemployed， widowed， bringingup children or on very low incomes.　　第九章 Social Affairs

　　1 The Church of England is not free to change its form of worship， as　　laid down in __________ without the consent of Parliament.　　A. the Bill of Rights　　B. the Provisions of Oxford　　C. the Constitutions of Clarendon　　D. the Book of Common Prayer 答案：D

　　2 The position of the Church of Scotland was defined in the Treaty of Union， 1707， and further safeguarded by theChurch of Scotland Act， ______.　　A. 1921 B. 1922 C. 1923 D. 1924　　答案：A

　　3 The Salvation Army is served by 1，800 officers （ordained ministers） and runs more than _____ worship centers.　　A. 500 B. 1，000

　　C. 1，500　 D. 2，000 答案：B

　　4 The Free Church do Not include ＿＿＿＿。　　A the Methodist Church　　B the Church of England　　C the Baptists

　　D the United Reformed Church.　　答案：C

　　5 ____ is not among the Anglican Churches　　A The Church in Wales

　　B The Church of Ireland

　　C The Episcopal Church in Scotland　　D The Baptists.　　答案：D

　　6 At Christmas， the home is decorated with the following except _____.　　A. colorful paper chains B. leaves of holly and mistletoe　　C. a young fir-tree D. firecrackers　　答案：D

　　7 Easter is traditionally associated with the following except ____.　　A. the resurrection of Christ　　B. the eating of Easter eggs　　C. the custom of giving presents　　D. the coming of spring 答案：C

　　8. ______is the largest of the Free Churches.　　A. The Baptists B. The Methodist Church

　　C. The Roman Catholic Church D. The Church in Wales　　答案：B

　　9.Established Churches in Britain are ______.　　A. Church of England and Church of Wales.　　B. Church of Wales and Church of Scotland　　C. the Anglican Churches.

　　D. Church of England and Church of Scotland. 答案：D　　10.______is more important than Christmas to Scots.　　A. Whit Sunday B. New Year's Day　　C. April Fools Day D. Easter 答案：B　　⼀句话解释

　　1 What are the two established churches in Britain？

　　They are the Church of England in England and the Church of Scotland in Scotland.　　2 How many provinces does the Church of England have？　　The Church of England has two provinces： Canterbury and York.　　3 When were the first women priests ordained in Britain？　　They were ordained in March 1994.

　　4 Who founded the Salvation Army in the East of London in 1865？

　　William Booth， a great follower of John Wesley， founded the Salvation Army.　　5 Where do the people in London go to see the Christmas decorations？

　　They go to Oxford Street， Regent Street and Piccadilly to see the Christmas decorations.　　6 What is the National Day in Britain？

　　The birthday of the British Monarch is a National Day in Britain.　　7.What does Guy Fawkes Day come From？

　　Guy Fawkes Day comes from the Gunpowder Plot of 1605.　　8. What is the most important established Church in Britain？　　It is the Church of England.

　　9.What was the Gunpowder Plot of 1605？

　　It was the most famous of the Catholic conspiracies.　　名次解释

　　1 Established Churches

　　Established churches are those legally recognized as official churches of the State.　　2 Church of England

　　Church of England is the most important established church in Britain. It is legally recognized as official church of thestate. It is uniquely related to the Crown in that the Sovereign must be a member of that Church and must promise to upholdit. The church is also linked with the State through the House of Lords， in which the two archbishops and some otherbishops have seats. It was two provinces： Canterbury and York.　　3 The Salvation Army

　　It was founded by William Booth in the East of London in 1865， who was a follower of the Methodist Church. WithinBritain， the Salvation Army is second only to the Government as a provider of social services.　　4 Bank Holidays

　　Bank Holidays also called official public holidays. The term goes back to the Bank Holidays Act of 1871， which owesits name to the fact that banks are closed on the days specified.　　5 Easter