2013 GCT英语词汇复习指南

GCT English Daily Drill

1. It was no ____________that his car was seen near the bank at the time of the robbery.

A. coincidence B. convention C. certainty D. complication

2. Using extremely different decorating schemes in adjoining rooms may result in ________ and lack of unity in style.

A. conflict B. confrontation C. disturbance D. disharmony

3. Because of its intimacy, radio is usually more than just a medium; it is ___________.

A. firm B. company C. corporation D. enterprise

4. Although the accident did very little ______ to the car, I still suggest that you drive more carefully next time.

A. demolishment B. ruin C. destruction D. damage

5. My father has been on the__________ in this factory for nearly 20 years.

A. pay pocket B. payoff C. payroll D. payment

6. Most nurses are women, but in the higher ranks of the medical profession women are in a ___________.

A. scarcity B. minority C. minimum D. shortage

7. Fresh fruits and vegetables are generally less expensive when they are in ________.

A. sale B. need C. season D. time

8. The manager gave her his ____________ that the complaint would be investigated.

A. admission B. allowance C. assurance D. insurance

9. According to the psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud, wisdom comes from the _________ of maturity.

A. fulfillment B. achievement C. establishment accomplishment

D.

10. The remarkable ________ of life on the Galapagos Islands inspired Charles Darwin to establish his theory of evolution.

A. classification B. variety C. density D. diversion

11. Scientists are working hard to come up with a sure solution to the food _________ for mankind.

A. decline B. rarity C. scarcity D. shortage

12. The managing director took the __________for the accident, although it was not really his fault.

A. guilt B. blame C. charge D. accusation

13. With all its advantages, the computer is by no means without its ____________.

A. boundaries B. restraints C. confinements D. limitations

14. Except on official ___________ such as formal receptions, American society has a certain amount of informality.

A. cases B. situations C. events D. occasions

15. The young couples were quite excited by the _________ of having their first child.

A. perspective B. prospect C. future D. foresight

16. So many children have bought the balloons that the store is now out of

____________.

A. stuff B. material C. stock D. staff

17. This is the ___________ to an improvement of their living conditions.

A. key B. decision C. essence D. alternative

18. Your __________ is the round of things that you usually do each day.

A. practice B. habit C. routine D. custom

19. Farmers are more anxious for rain than people in cities because they have more at ___________.

A. danger B. stake C. loss D. threat

20. A ___________of the long report by the budget committee was submitted to the mayor for approval.

A. shorthand B. scheme C. schedule D. sketch

21. The building collapsed because its foundation was not strong enough to __________ the weight of the building.

A. subside B. idealize C. initiate D. sustain

22. Some workers in the nuclear power station were exposed to high levels of __________.

A. radiation B. cancer C. microwaves D. high temperature

23. A ___________ refers to an animal that is born from its mother’s body, not from an egg, and drinks its mother’s milk as a baby.

A. mammoth B. penguin C. mosquito D. mammal

24. The municipal planning commission said that their financial outlook for the next year was optimistic. They expect increased tax___________.

A. privileges B. efficiency C. revenues D. validity

25. The problem of pollution as well as several other issues are going to be discussed when the Congress is in __________ again next spring.

A. convention B. conference C. session D. assembly

26. He told a story about his sister who was in a sad ___________ when she was ill and had no money.

A. plight B. polarization C. plague D. pigment

27. He added a __________ to his letter by saying that he would arrive before 8

pm.

A. presidency B. prestige C. postscript D. preliminary

28. This problem should be discussed first, for it takes ___________ over all the other issues.

A. precedence B. prosperity C. presumption D. probability

29. The ________ of gifted children into accelerated classes will start next week according to their academic performance.

A. segregation B. specification C. spectrum D. subscription

30. He cut the string and held up the two __________ to tie the box.

A. segments B. sediments C. seizures D. secretes

31. The sailor _____ time to visit his family before the ship went to sea.

A. put in for B. got round to C. ask after D. hold on to

32. Throughout most of their lives human _____ learn and increase their mental capacity.

A. actually B. readily C. fairly D. primarily

33. Through exposure to air, water, and organic matter, rocks _____ changes known as weathering.

A. undergo B. transform C. undertake D. suspend

34. She tried to _____ out of the window to see the procession more clearly.

A. bend B. lean C. bow D. slope

35. The problem had become _____ in his mind, and he could not decide what to do about it.

A. simplified B. exaggerated C. matured D. isolated

36. I am sure I can _________ him into letting us stay in the hotel for the night.

A. speak B. say C. talk D. tell

37. Last year, the crime rate in Chicago has sharply ___________.

A. declined B. lessened C. descended D. slipped

38. Passing the English exam should _________ your chances of getting the post.

A. magnify B. strengthen C. enlarge D. enhance

39. He is too young to be able to _________ between right and wrong.

A. discard B. discern C. disperse D. disregard

40. The chairman of the board _________ on me the unpleasant job of dismissing good workers the firm can no longer afford to employ.

A. compelled B. posed C. pressed D. tempted

41. The timber rattlesnake is now on the endangered species list, and is extinct in two eastern states in which it once __________.

A. thrived B. swelled C. prospered D. flourished

42. However, growth in the fabricated metals industry was able to _________ some of the decline in the iron and steel industry.

A. overturn B. overtake C. offset D. oppress

43. When we listen to music, we are easily __________ of events in the past.

A. remembered B. reflected C. memorized D. reminded

44. Travelling and meeting new people ___________ the mind of young people.

A. expanded B. enlarged C. broadened D. extended

45. After our computer network ________ for the third time that day, we all went home.

A. crashed B. collided C. smashed D. fell

46. The precious manuscripts were hopelessly _________ by long exposure in the cold, damp cellar.

A. ruined B. damaged C. destroyed D. harmed

47. The board of the company has decided to _________ its operation to include all aspects of the clothing business.

A. extend B. enlarge C. expand D. amplify

48. In a sudden of __________ anger, the man tore up everything within reach.

A. attack B. burst C. split D. blast

49. In Britain, people ___________ four million tons of potatoes every year.

A. swallow B. dispose C. consume D. exhaust

50. He offered to __________ her a hand as the suitcase was too heavy for her to carry.

A. help B. show C. lend D. borrow

51. I can’t _________ him from his brother. They look very much alike.

A. keep B. separate C. distinguish D. prevent

52. The monopoly-capitalist group _________ many smaller enterprises last year.

A. integrated B. merged C. combined D. collected

53. The local authority __________ the company an interest-free loan to start up the new factory.

A. granted B. allocated C. financed D. sponsored

54. This kind of material can __________ heat and moisture.

A. delete B. compel C. constrain D. repel

55. I hate people who ______ the end of a film that you haven’t seen before.

A. reveal B. rewrite C. revise D. reverse

56. While people may refer to television for up-to-the-minute news, it is unlikely that television ___________ the newspaper completely.

A. will replace B. have replaced C. replace D. replaced

57. With his ability and experience, he is entitled to ___________ by his colleagues.

A. be respected B. being respected C. respect D. respecting

58. ___________ their work will give us a much better feel for the wide differences between the two schools of thought.

A. To have reviewed B. Having reviewed

C. Reviewing D. Being reviewed

59. My sister’s professor had her ____________her paper many times before allowing her to present it to the committee.

A. rewritten B. to rewrite C. rewrite D. rewriting

60. ___________ she realized it was too late to go home.

A. No sooner it grew dark than B. Hardly did it grow dark that

C. Scarcely had it grown dark than D. It was not until dark that

61. The sale usually takes place outside the house, with the audience __________

on benches, chairs or boxes.

A. having seated B. seating

C. seated D. having been seated

62. I’d rather have a room of my own, however small it is, than __________ a room with someone else.

A. to share B. to have shared C. share D. sharing

63. He__________ in Japan as he left by boat last month.

A. ought to arrive B. ought to have arrived

C. should arrive D. must arrive

64. He must have had an accident, or he ___________ then.

A. would have been here B. had to be here

C. should be here D. would be here

65. Research findings show we spend about two hours dreaming every night, no matter what we __________ during the day.

A. must have done B. would have done

C. should have done D. may have done

66. We are all for your proposal that the discussion _____________.

A. be put off B. was put off

C. should put off D. is to put off

67. You __________ all those calculations! We have a computer to do that sort of thing.

A. needn’t have done B. must not have done

C. shouldn’t have done D. cannot have done

68. ____________ that my head had cleared, my brain was also beginning to work much better.

A. For B. Now C. Since D. Despite

69. A man escaped from the prison last night. It was a long time __________ the guards discovered what had happened.

A. before B. until C. since D. when

70. “I’m not going to buy the book.” “_________.It’s too expensive.”

A. I don’t either B. Neither am I C. So am I D. I’m not, too

71. _____________an international student to work without proper papers, he would be in violation of his visa.

A. Were B. Was C. Had D. Should

72. He didn’t seem to mind__________ TV while he was trying to study.

A. them to watch B. that they watch C. their watching D. watch

them

73. He is said to ___________ two trips to China in the last two years.

A. make B. be making C. have been making D. have made

74. ___________ finish his homework, he would have come to class.

A. If Mike could B. Were Mike able to

C. Would Mike be able to D. If Mike had been able to

75. A severe weather alert is now in effect for __________ southern Ohio and Indiana.

A. whole B. the whole C. all of D. the all

76. I really appreciate ___________ to help me, but I am sure that I will be able to manage by myself.

A. you to offer B. your offering

C. that you offer D. that you are offering

77. If he __________ the storekeeper’s scissors, he would have forgotten to buy a pair.

A. would not see B. has not seen

C. had not seen D. were not to see

78. My father did not go to New York; the doctor suggested that he _______ go there.

A. not to B. won’t C. does not D. not

79. Copernicus maintained that the earth __________ round the sun.

A. moves B. moved C. moving D. move

80. My wallet is nowhere to be found. I ___________ it when I was on the bus.

A. must drop B. had dropped

C. must have dropped D. should have dropped

81. __________he works hard, I don’t mind when he finishes the experiment.

A. As soon as B. As well as C. So far as D. So long as

82. The grocer deals in tea, coffee, spices, and ____________.

A. so much B. etc. C. so forth D. alike

83. The box is ____________.

A. too heavy that I cannot lift it B. too heavy for me to lift

C. so heavy for me to lift D. too heavy for lifting

84. You may borrow the book ___________ you keep it clean.

A. such as B. so as to C. so long as D. as for

85. The sun heats the earth, ___________ is very important to living things.

A. that B. what C. which D. as

86. The brilliance of his satires was ____________make even his victims laugh.

A. so as to B. such as to C. so that D. such that

87. One more try, __________ you will succeed.

A. or B. but C. so D. and

88. There was such a long line at the exhibition ____________ we had to wait for about half an hour.

A. as B. that C. so D. hence

89. Just as the builder is skilled in the handling of his bricks, ____________ the experienced writer is skilled in the handling of his words.

A. as B. thus C. so D. like

90. It seems oil ___________ from this pipe for some time. We’ll have to take the machine apart to put it right.

A. had leaked B. is leaking

C. leaked D. has been leaking

91. The sale usually takes place outside the house, with the audience __________

on benches, chairs or boxes.

A. having seated B. seating

C. seated D. having been seated

92. I’d rather have a room of my own, however small it is, than __________ a room with someone else.

A. to share B. to have shared C. share D. sharing

93. He__________ in Japan as he left by boat last month.

A. ought to arrive B. ought to have arrived

C. should arrive D. must arrive

94. He must have had an accident, or he ___________ then.

A. would have been here B. had to be here

C. should be here D. would be here

95. Research findings show we spend about two hours dreaming every night, no matter what we __________ during the day.

A. must have done B. would have done

C. should have done D. may have done

96. Some people hope the rains will return and ease the hardship __________ the peasants of Northern China.

A. faced B. faces C. facing D. to face

97. Ever since the Smiths moved to the suburbs a year ago, they __________ better health.

A. are enjoying B. have been enjoying

C. could have enjoyed D. had enjoyed

98. He loves doing some reading at home _________ to the cinema.

A. than to go B. than going

C. more than going D. rather than to go

99. __________ of neglecting our education, my father sent my sister and me to an evening school.

A. Accused B. Accusing

C. To be accused D. That he was accused

100. She never regretted paying $200 for the bookcase. As a matter of fact she would gladly have paid __________ for it.

A. as much twice B. as twice much

C. much as twice D. twice as much

101. I was held up by the traffic jam, otherwise I _________ here 50 minutes sooner.

A. would be B. ought to have been

C. would have been D. must have been

102. The driver carefully checked his car __________ it should go wrong on the way.

A. lest B. or else C. so that D. in order that

103. ” __________ his second heart attack if he hadn’t smoked?”

“He might not have.”

A. Would he have had B. Would he have

C. Had he had D. Were he to have

104. Only after a baby seal is pushed into the sea by its mother __________ to swim.

A. how will it learn B. will it learn how

C. it will learn how D. and it learns how

105. She ___________not have seen you yesterday, for she was not there.

A. might B. could C. should D. must

106. Mary ___________ my letter, otherwise she would have replied before now.

A. has received B. couldn’t have received

C. ought to have received D. shouldn’t have received

107. With all this work on hand, he _________ to the cinema last night.

A. mustn’t go B. wouldn’t go

C. oughtn’t to go D. shouldn’t have gone

108. Only under special circumstances ___________ to take makeup tests.

A. are freshmen permitted B. freshmen are permitted

C. permitted are freshmen D. are permitted freshmen

109. Jean did not have time to go to the concert last night because she was busy_________ for her examination.

A. to prepare B. to be prepared

C. preparing D. being prepared

110. Rod is determined to get a seat for the concert ___________ it means standing in a queue all night.

A. as if B. even if C. provided D. whatever

111. _________ your opinions are worth considering, the committee finds it unwise to place too much importance on them.

A. As B. Since C. Provided D. While

112. __________ as it was at such a time, his work attracted much attention.

A. Being published B. Published

C. Publishing D. To be published

113. The policemen went into action ___________ they heard the alarm.

A. promptly B. presently C. quickly D. directly

114. I like watching TV __________ to the cinema.

A. more than to go B. than going

C. rather than to go D. more than going

115. “You are very selfish. It’s high time you __________ that you are not the most important person in the world,” Edgar said to his boss angrily.

A. have realized B. should realize C. realize D. realized

116. If Delia ___________ so much work to do, she would have taken her friend out to dinner.

A. should not have B. had not had

C. would not have D. would not have had

117. We didn’t know his telephone number, otherwise we ____________ him.

A. had telephoned B. must have telephoned

C. would telephone D. would have telephoned

118. In the past, men generally preferred that their wives ________ in the home.

A. worked B. work

C. would work D. were working

119. America will never again have as a nation the spirit of adventure as it ___________ before the West was settled.

A. could B. was C. would D. did

120. I wish that Henry___________ interested in reading good books.

A. will be B. is C. would D. were

121. Living in the western part of the country has its problems, __________ obtaining fresh water is not the least.

A. with which B. for which C. of which D. which

122. Turn on the television or open a magazine and you ___________ advertisements showing happy, balanced families.

A. are often seeing B. will often see

C. often see D. have often seen

123. Criticism and self-criticism is necessary__________ it helps us to find and correct our mistakes.

A. by that B. at that C. on that D. in that

124. You see the lightning __________ it happens, but you hear the thunder later.

A. the instant B. for an instant C. on the instant D. in an instant

125. Government reports, examination compositions, legal documents and most business letters are the main situations __________ formal language is used.

A. in which B. at what C. on which D. in that

【答案与解析】

1. A

【解析】coincidence“巧合”。

B项convention“习惯，习俗”；C项certainty“肯定”；D项complication“复杂；并发症”。

2. D

【解析】disharmony“不协调”。

A项conflict“冲突”；B项confrontation“对抗”；C项disturbance“干扰”。

3. B

【解析】company在本句中作“同伴，伙伴”解。

A项firm与C项corporation都作“公司”解；D项enterprise是“企业”。

4. D

【解析】damage意为“（可以修复的）损坏”。

A项demolishment意为“损坏”；B项ruin意为“损毁”；C项destruction 意为

“破坏”。前三项均有“不可修复”或“很难修复”的意思。

5. C

【解析】A项“工资袋”；B项“还清债”；C项”“资表”；D项“支付”。

6. B

【解析】in a minority占少数，与Most nurses are women相对应。

A项scarcity“缺乏，不足”，如：a scarcity of teachers（师资缺乏）；C项minimum“最低限度”，如：The temperature reached the minimum at midnight.（气温在半夜达到了最低点）；D项shortage“缺少”，如：There is a world shortage of fuel.（全世界都缺少燃料）。

7. C

【解析】in season“（水果等）应时的，时令的”。

A项in sale无此搭配，应为on sale，表示“出售，拍卖”；B项in need表不“需要的”； D项in time表示“及时地，准时地”。

8. C

【解析】assurance表示“保证”。

A项admission意为“允许进人”；B项allowance意为“允许”； D项insurance表示“保险”。

9. B

【解析】achievement作“达到，取得”讲，指通过努力逐步达到某一阶段或取得某一成果，如：The achievement of his object inspired him to greater efforts.（他达到了目标这件事激励他作出更大的努力）。

fulfillment则作“履行，完成，实现”讲，如：The fulfillment of every task assigned by the Party and the state is his greatest wish.（完成党和国家交给的各项任务是他最大的心愿）。establishment 意为“建立，设立，开办”，如：The establishment of revolutionary committees marks the beginning of the great revolution.（革命委员会的建立标志着大革命的开始）。accomplishment作“完成”讲，与fulfillment意思相近，如：We are fighting for the accomplishment of the Party’s tasks.（我们正为完成党的任务而奋斗）。

10. B

【解析】variety意为“变种，多样，种种”，如：We demanded more variety in our food.（我们要求食物多换花样）。

而classification作“分类，类别，级别”讲，如：The automatic classification of mail according to places where it is to go is very popular in many countries.（在很多国家，按邮件到达的地方自动对其进行分类是很普遍的做法）。density意为“稠密，密度”，

如：Mercury has a much greater density than water.（水银的密度比水大得多）。diversion意为“转移，消遣”，如：Chess and billiards are his favorite diversions.（下棋和打台球是他所喜欢的消遣）。

11. D

【解析】shortage作 “不足，缺少”。

decline作“下降，减少，衰落”；rarity作“稀少，少见的人或东西”（常与不定冠词连用）；scarcity作“缺乏，稀少”。

12. B

【解析】blame作“（过错，事故的）责任；责怪，责备”。如：put/lay/bring the blame on sb.（怪在某人身上）；The blame rests on sb.（责任在某人）；take the blame on oneself for sth./bear the blame for sth.（承担……的责任）。

guilt作“罪，罪责”；charge作“罪名，指控”解时不与take搭配；take charge of sth.表示“对……负责，接管”的意思；accusation作“指责，控告”（不说take accusation for sth.）。

13. D

【解析】limitation作“限制，限度，极限”。

boundary作“分界线，边界”；restraint作“（情感的）抑制，限制，克制”；confinement

作“限制（在范围内）；监禁”。

14. D

【解析】D项occasions“活动，盛会；时刻，场合；时机，机会”符合题意。On official occasions（在正式场合）；on occasion(s)（有时，间或）；on such occasions（在这样的场合）；on many/several occasions（有许多次/有好几次）；on one occasion（有一次）；on the occasion of（在……的时候，在……之际）。

其他三项中，case作“情况，事实；案件”（注：case与in而不与on搭配）；situation作“形势，局面；环境，状况；地点，位置”；（一般与介词in相搭配）；event 作“事件；（体育）比赛项目”（与介词in而不与on搭配）。

15. B

【解析】prospect 作“前景；前途；展望解释（一般作不可数名词用，与the连用，如the prospect of a holiday；the prospect of owning one’s own house）”。

perspective 作“远景，景观；透视画法”；future 作“将来，未来；前景，前途”（多与不定冠词连用，如a bright future）；foresight 作“远见；预见性；预言的能力”。

16. C

【解析】stock 作“库存，现货，备料解释，如have sth. in stock（有存货）；sth. is out of stock（没有存货）；The store is out of stock of sth.（商店里某商品没有存货）”。

其他三项中，stuff 作“原料，材料，东西”；material 作“原料，材料；资料，素材”；staff 作“全体职工，全体人员；参谋部”。

17. A

【解析】key (to)作“方法，关键；题解，答案”解释，如the key to world peace（世界和平的关键）；a key to the grammar exercises（语法练习的答案）。

decision 作“决定”；essence 作“本质，实质，要素”；alternative (to)作“取舍，抉择；供选择的东西”。

18. C

【解析】routine作“（每天要做的）例行公事，惯常程序”解释。

Practice作“业务；实践；练习；习惯做法”；habit 作“习惯”；custom 作“风俗，习惯，惯例”。

19. B

【解析】stake 作“利害关系，股份；赌本，赌注”解释。如have a stake in sth.（在……方面有利害关系）；be at stake/have sth. at stake（关系到……；……处于危险之中）；是得到或丧失……的问题，如：The peace is at stake. He has a lot at stake in the venture.。

其他三项中，可以说be in danger，不说be at danger；可以说at a loss（不知所措，不知如何是好）；不说at loss；可以说under (the) threat of（处于……的威胁下）；

不说at threat。

20. D

【解析】sketch作“梗概，大意；草图，略图；素描，速写”解释。

shorthand作“速记”；scheme 作“计划，方案；阴谋”；schedule 作“时间表，时刻表，日程安排表”。

21. D

【解析】sustain“支撑，撑住”。句意是：建筑物倒塌是因为它的地基不足以支撑整个建筑物的重量。

subside“下沉”；idealize“理想化”；initiate“发起”。

22. A

【解析】radiation“辐射，放射线，放射物”。 题中讲的是核电站，与之相对应的应该是核辐射。

cancer“癌症”；microwaves“微波”；high temperature“高温”。

23. D

【解析】mammal“哺乳动物”。根据句子中所给的信息：诞生于母体，婴孩时饮用

母亲的奶汁，这些都是哺乳动物的特征。

mammoth“猛犸象，庞然大物”；penguin“企鹅”；mosquito“蚊子”。

24. C

【解析】revenues“收入，国家的收入，税收”。 本题是说市政计划委员会说他们下一年度的财政前景是乐观的。他们期望提高税收。

privileges“特权，特别待遇，基本公民权利”；efficiency“效率，功效”；validity“有效性，合法性，正确性”。

25. C

【解析】session“会议，开庭”。 本题是说当明年春天议会再度开会时，污染问题和其他几个问题将被讨论。

convention“大会，协定，习俗，惯例”；conference“会议，讨论会，协商会”；assembly“集合，装配，集会，集结，汇编”。

26. A

【解析】plight“困境”，如：He is in a sad plight.（他陷入了悲惨的境地）。本句空格处意为“陷入了悲惨的境地”。

polarization“分化”；plague“瘟疫、天灾”；pigment“色素，颜料”。

27. C

【解析】postscript“附言，后记”。本句空格处意为“他在信中又加了附言”。

presidency“任期”；prestige“声望，威望”；preliminary“预备的，初步的”。

28. A

【解析】precedence的意思是“优先、居先”，短语precedence over的意思是“居于……之前”，如：National defense must take precedence over all other questions.（国防应优先考虑）。本句空格处意为这个问题应优先考虑。

prosperity“繁荣”；presumption“假定”；probability“可能性”，都不能与take搭配使用。

29. A

【解析】segregation的意思是“分开，分离”。 本句空格处意为“将有天分的儿童分到提高班”。

specification“详述，规范”；spectrum“光谱，频谱”；subscription“捐献，订阅”。

30. A

【解析】segment的意思为“段，节”。本句意为“他把绳子割断，拿两股绳去绑盒子”。

sediment“沉淀物”；seizure“抓住，夺取”；secrete“隐藏”。

31. A

【解析】put in for = make an application or request（提出申请或请求）。如May I put in for five days’ leave?（我可以请5天假吗？）。

get round to do/doing sth.（找到时间作某事）；ask after 作“询问，问候”；hold on to 作“坚持”，接to 加名词。

32. B

【解析】readily = with no difficulty，作“容易地”解释。如They can readily be bought anywhere.（这些 东西在任何地方都能容易地买到。）

actually “实际上”；fairly “公平地；相当，划算”；primarily“主要地，首先；根本上”。

33. A

【解析】undergo = experience esp. suffering or difficulty，作“经受”解。如：She underwent a thorough examination at the hospital.（她在医院接受了全面的检查）；The travelers underwent many difficulties.（这些旅行者经受了许多困难）。本题译文：由于暴露于空气、水和有机物，岩石经受了称之为风化的变化。

undertake = take up a [position]/start on [work]作“从事，负责（某事）”解。如：

He undertook the responsibility for changes.（他负责对各种变化作出安排）；At first we could only undertake repair jobs.（起初我们只能干修理活）；We shall undertake the construction of this bridge.（我们将负责这座桥的修建工作）；transform“改变”；suspend“吊，悬挂；推迟，暂定”。

34. B

【解析】lean “倚，靠”。如：lean out of the window（倚着窗户探出身去），lean against a tree（背倚靠着树），lean back in a chair（坐在椅子上背向后倾），lean on a desk（靠在桌上），指胸对桌子。

35. B

【解析】exaggerate = say or believe more than the truth about sth.，作“夸张，夸大”解释。如：It was a rabbit, not a lion. You are exaggerating as usual.（这是一只兔子，不是狮子。你经常夸大事实。）本题译文：这个问题在他头脑里夸大了，因此他无法决定该怎么办。

simplify“简化”；mature“使成熟”；isolate“使孤立”。

36. C

【解析】四项选择都有“说”的意思，但只有talk sb. into表示“说服……做……”。如：He talked me into coming here.（他说服我来这儿）。

speak“口中说出话语，说话”；talk“融洽地说话，谈话”；say“发出声音说出来；

说”；tell“对人说话，告知”。speak和say的区别：speak是“使用语言”，say是“说出语言”。所以speak English.是“说英语”，而say English是“说出‘英语’这个词”。

37. A

【解析】decline“下降，减少”，如：Domestic production of oil will continue to decline. （国内石油生产将继续下降），与rate连用表示比率下降。

lessen意为“缩小，减少”，不能与rate连用；descend指“（位置）下降”，如：He descended into a cellar.（他走下地窖）；slip 指“滑倒”，如：She slipped on the wet stones and fell.（她在潮湿的石头上滑了一下跌倒了）。

38. D

【解析】enhance“提高”。

magnify“放大”，如：A microscope magnifies bacteria.（显微镜将细菌放大）；strengthen“加强”，不宜与chances搭配。enlarge指“面积或体积扩大”，如：enlarge a house by adding a new wing（新建一厢房以大房屋）。

39. B

【解析】discern“辨别，分清”。

discard“丢弃”；disperse“散开；传播”；disregard“不顾；轻视”。

40. C

【解析】pressed在这里是“强加”的意思。

compelled“强迫”，是及物动词；posed“摆姿势”；tempted“引诱；尝试”。

41. A

【解析】thrived“兴旺；茁壮成长”。

swelled“膨胀，肿胀”；prospered“发达”；flourished“茂盛；盛行”。

42. C

【解析】offset“抵消，弥补”。

overturn“打翻；颠覆”；overtake“赶上，超过”；oppress“压迫，挤压”。

43. D

【解析】remind当“使某人回想起或意识到……”讲时，应当是remind sb. of sth./sb.。

remember当“记住，回想起”讲时，后面直接加宾语；reflect当“沉思或回忆往事”讲时，应当是sb. reflect on/upon sth.；memorize意思是“记住，记忆”，后面直接加宾语。

44. C

【解析】broaden意为“使事物变宽、变广阔、变广泛”。

expand意为“（使事物）在尺寸、数量及重要性方面变大、增多及增强”；enlarge意为“使事物尺寸变大”；extend意为“使事物在时间或空间上更长、更大”。

45. A

【解析】由句子中的computer network可知，要填入的动词与计算机网络系统有关。crash可以表示“计算机由于软硬件发生故障而停止运行”。

collide意为“运动中的物体或人猛撞某物或互相撞击；意见等相冲突”。smash意为“粉碎；痛击，猛击；撞毁”；fall意为“落下，跌落”。

46. A

【解析】ruined意为“毁坏”。

damaged意为“损坏”；destroyed意为“摧毁”；harmed意为“损害，伤害”，harm的宾语往往是人或人的“感情、名誉、健康、关系”等。

47. C

【解析】四个选项动词都有“扩大”的意思，但要跟后面的宾语operation搭配，只有expand适合。

48. B

【解析】attack “爆裂，突然发作，突然出现”。

burst “攻击，非难”；split“劈裂，裂缝，分裂，裂片”；blast “一阵（风），爆炸，冲击波，突然的毁灭性的影响”。

49. C

【解析】consume“消费”。

swallow“吞下，耗尽（up），忍受，取消”；dispose“配置，处理，使倾向于”；exhaust“抽完，耗尽，用完，竭尽；使筋疲力尽”。

50. C

【解析】“lend sb. a hand”意为“给予帮助，助一臂之力”。

51. C

【解析】distinguish one from another表示“区分，分清”的意思。

52. B

【解析】merged“兼并”。

integrated “使结合”； combined“联合”；collected“收款”。

53. A

【解析】granted“批准，拨款”。

allocated“赞助”；financed“资助”；sponsored“举办”。

54. D

【解析】repel“抗御，抗拒”，如：This coating repels moisture.（这层涂料能防潮）。

delete“删除”，如：delete the second paragraph（删去第二段）；compel“强迫”，如：compel sb. to do sth.（强迫某人做某事）；constrain“迫使”，如：He was constrained to agree.（他被迫同意）。

55. A

【解析】reveal“透露，讲出”。

rewrite“重写”；revise“修订，修改”；reverse“颠倒”。

56. A

【解析】unlikely意为“不大可能的（not likely to happen）”，表示说话人认为某事将来不大可能发生，或者认为不大可能成为事实，由它引出的主语从句的谓语动词应用将

来时，例如：That he will refuse the offer is unlikely.（他拒绝这项建议的可能性不大）。It is unlikely that enough workers will be found if there is no substantial improvement in salaries and working conditions.（如果工资不大幅度增加，工作条件得不到改善．就不大可能找到足够的工人）。

57. B

【解析】be entitled to是固定用法，意思是“有权（做）……，有资格（接受）……”，to是介词，后面跟名词或名词性成分。又因为动词respect和句子主语是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以此处需要被动的动名词形式。

58. C

【解析】动名词作主语，表示某个一般性的动作，或表示说话者的亲身经历。例如：Thinking is the talking of the soul with itself.（思想是灵魂在同自己交谈）。Learning in old age is like writing on sand; learning in youth is like engraving on stone.（年老时学习就像在沙上写字，年轻时学习就像在石上刻字）。

59. C

【解析】have后面既可跟不带to的动词不定式作宾补，又可跟现在分词作宾补，还可跟过去分词作宾补，但意义不同，例如：I had him fill out a form.（我叫他填了一张表），此处，不带to的动词不定式作宾补强调动作的全过程。He had us laughing all through the meal.（他使我们在吃饭过程中自始至终笑个不停），此处，现在分词作宾补强调分词的动作正在进行。I really must have my watch repaired.（我真得修修表了），此处，过

去分词作宾补表示“使……被做”。

60. D

【解析】正确答案为D项，如：It was not until many centuries later that the ancient Greeks placed the science of map-making on a sound footing.（直到几个世纪后，古希腊人才把地图绘制学置于坚实的基础之上）。

当“no sooner…than”结构中no sooner位于句首时，主句要倒装。hardly和scarcely都要和连词when连用。

61. C

【解析】过去分词的独立主格结构，即“with + 名词或代词 + 过去分词”。在该结构中，过去分词和名词或代词是逻辑上的动宾关系。这种结构可以用作状语，表示原因、时间、条件、方式或伴随情况等。例如：Everything prepared, they set off.（一切准备就绪，他们就出发了）；The assembling of the machine completed, we started operating it.（机器安装完毕，我们就开始操作）；The wire well insulated, we can use it here.（既然导线已经很好地绝缘了，我们就可把它用在这里）；With all the pipes blocked, no water can get out of the system.（管道全部封闭，水就漏不出来了）。

62. C

【解析】根据句型“would rather do sth. than do sth.”可知C项为正确答案。如：Mr. Delay would rather resign than get himself involved in the dirty dealings.（德勒

先生宁愿辞职，也不愿卷入这几桩肮脏的交易中）；He’d rather join you in research work than go on holidays to the seaside, wouldn’t he? （他宁愿和你们一起参加研究工作，也不愿去海滨度假，不是吗？）。

63. B

【解析】ought to do sth. 和should do sth. 意为“应该做某事”，多用来提出劝告，例如：You should (ought to) go and see Mary sometime.（你应该抽时间去看看玛丽）。ought to have done sth.意为“本应该做完某事”，用来谈论已经发生的事情。例如：She ought to have arrived at her office by now.（她现在本该到办公室了）。

must do sth.用来发出有力的劝告或命令，例如：You must be here before 8 o’clock at the latest.（最晚你必须八点以前到这里）。

64. A

【解析】根据“must + have done”可表示对过去事情的肯定推测，是对过去事情的陈述。连词or在这里作“否则”讲，相当于otherwise，用来引导出一个与已经陈述过的事实相反的情况作为条件的虚拟结果，例如：Take a taxi, or you would miss your train.（如果不叫出租车，你就赶不上火车了）。We must run, or we’ll be late.（我们得跑着去，要不就太晚了）。

65. D

【解析】may have done sth.意为“可能做了某事”。

must have done sth.表示推测，作“肯定做了某事”讲。would have done sth.意为“本来可能做了某事”。should have done sth.作“本来应该做某事（而实际未做）”讲。

66. A

【解析】与名词proposal相关的名词性从句中要使用虚拟语气，例如：It was Jack’s proposal that she return to competition, perhaps by Wimbledon in June.（杰克建议她在6月份举行的温布尔登网球公开赛之前就重返赛场）。They presented a proposal that all workers be given free medical care.（他们提议所有的工人都应享受免费医疗）。

67. A

【解析】按照后面一句的意思来推测，前面讲的是：“你已经做完了全部计算，而这是没有必要的”。needn’t have done sth.表示的正是这一意思。

must not表示“不可以”，后面一般不接完成式。shouldn’t have done sth.意为“本来不应该做某事反而做了”，含有责备之意。can’t have done sth.表示不可能做某事，表示对过去事情的否定推测，是must have done sth.的否定形式，例如：They can’t have finished the work so soon.（这项工作他们不可能完成得这么快）。He can’t have gone to Beijing, for I saw him just now.（他不可能去了北京，刚才我还看见他了）。

68. B

【解析】now that是复合连词，意为“既然，由于”，例如：Now that you’ve grown up, you must stop this childish behavior.（你既然长大了，就必须停止这种幼稚的行为）。

for和since接从句时，都不和that连用，despite后要跟名词。

69. A

【解析】“It’s…before”句型表示“（……之后）才……”之意，例如：It was several weeks before I got a decent night’s rest.（几星期以后我才得以好好地睡了一夜）。

until意为“直到……为止”，在否定句中多译为“直到……才”，该词一般不用在“it is…until”（肯定）句型中。例如：They talked on until one o’clock in the morning.（他们一直谈到凌晨一点钟）。“It is (has been)…since”句型表示“自……以来已有……时间了”，例如：It has been only twenty-five years since television came to control American free time.（电视开始主宰美国人的空闲时间至今也不过才25年）。when通常表示“在……时”。

70. B

【解析】当neither放在句首，且句子主谓倒装时，可以表示前一种情况也适合于后者，so用于肯定的情况，neither用于否定的情况。too作“也”讲时，一般用在肯定句中，而不用于否定句中。

71. A

【解析】本题测试虚拟条件将来时，省略if用倒装句形式。在虚拟条件句中be动词多用were，很少用was。

72. C

【解析】动词mind“介意”后面要求跟ing形式，如果ing的施动者是句子主语本身，就用ing；如果ing的施动者是另一个人，可用下列句式：mind him/his + ing；mind if…。

73. D

【解析】be said to“据说”后面可以跟不定式完成式，表示句子主语在谓语be said动作发生之前已经做过某事；跟不定式一般式表示经常性的动作；跟不定式进行式表示与谓语动作同时进行的动作；跟不定式完成进行式表示在谓语所表达的时间之前一段时间以来一直在进行的动作。究竟应选用哪种形式要视句中的时间状语和上下文的逻辑意义而定。后面可以跟不定式完成式的句式还有：be supposed to / be reported to / be to / be sorry to / intended to / planned to / would like to / seem to / claim to等。

74. D

【解析】本题是虚拟语气过去时，又称非真实条件句过去时，其中的条件状语从句用过去完成时，主句谓语用would/could/might have + 过去分词。由于本句用了would have come，就应选含有过去完成时的条件句。相反，如果题中给出了含有过去完成时的条件句，就应选含有would/could/might + 完成式表示结果的主句。

75. C

【解析】all修饰专有名词时有两种表达法，如all China或all of China。whole不能直接与专有名词连用，如不能说whole China或the whole China，而必须用the whole of + 专有名词结构。

76. B

【解析】appreciate“感激”后面要求跟名词或动名词作宾语。如果动名词的施动者是主语本身，后面就直接跟动名词；如果主语是受动者，则需用现在分词的被动式，如：I appreciate being invited to your birthday party.；如果动词的动作是由另一人发出而又需点明施动者时，则需用表示施动者的名词所有格或物主代词修饰动名词。

77. C

【解析】本题测试虚拟语气过去时。

78. D

【解析】suggest的宾语从句谓语需用虚拟语气(should)+动词原形。要求宾语从句谓语用虚拟语气的这类动词还有：insist / demand / recommend / urge / request / propose / advise / require / order / move / ask / desire / decide / determine / arrange等。

79. A

【解析】本题测试的是一般现在时的用法之一：凡表述永恒的真理或客观规律的情况均用一般现在时而不管主句谓语用的是什么时态。

80. C

【解析】must have done用以推断过去某个时间或到说话时为止的一段时间内必定

发生了某事。在这种句子中必须有一个表示过去某个时间的时间状语或根据上下文可以明确判定谈论的是过去。

81. D

【解析】so long as可作“只要”讲，引导条件状语从句。

as soon as意为“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句；as well as则作“不仅……而且……，既……又……”讲；so far as一般用在“so far as…be concerned”中，意为“就……而论”。

82. C

【解析】and so forth表示“……等等，……一类”，虽然etc. (et cetera)也表示“……等等”，但用法与and so forth不同：etc.前面不能有and，因为在拉丁语中et就相当于英语的and。另外需注意的是，在列举人名时不宜用etc.（可以用et al）。与and so forth具有相同意思的词组还有and so forward，and the like，and others，and so on等。

83. B

【解析】“too…to…”结构表示“太……以至于不能……”，相当于“so…that + 否定式谓语”，例如：He is too young to join the army.（他太小了，不能参军）。这个句子可改写为：He is so young that he can’t join the army.。上述例句中不定式的逻辑主语十分清楚。有时在too后面常使用不定式的复合结构（即for sb. to do sth.)。例如：I think the text is too long for you to recite.（我认为课文太长了，你背不了）。

84. C

【解析】such as引导出同位语，对名词起列举作用，例如：Romance languages, such as French and Spanish, are spoken in Latin America.（罗曼语，如法语、西班牙语等，通行于拉丁美洲）。so as to相当于in order to，引导的不定式用作目的状语，意为“为了，以便于”，例如：Metallic surface should be greased so as to decrease friction.（金属表面必须涂上油脂，以减少摩擦）。as for作“至于……，就……而言”讲，放在句首相当于“as far as…be concerned”，例如：As for this kind of rare metal, it will be further studied.（对这种稀有金属要作进一步的研究）。so long as或as long as可以引导条件状语从句，表示“只要……”，例如：As long as you keep away from him, you are safe.（只要你不和他掺和在一起，你就会很安全）。

85. C

【解析】根据句子结构，此处是非限制性定语从句，which在此处引导一个非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子。

that不能引导非限制性定语从句。what作关系代词，相当于“that which；the thing which”，可以引导名词性从句但不能引导定语从句。as虽也可以引导定语从句，但多和such或the same连用，如：Such people as knew Tom thought he was a talented young man.（认识汤姆的人都认为他是一个有才华的青年）。

86. B

【解析】such as to后跟不定式，引出结果状语，作“如此……以致……”讲，例如：The force of explosion was such as to break the windows.（爆炸的威力很大，能震坏窗子）。The problem is such as to interest only a few people.（这样的问题只能使少数

人感兴趣）。

87. D

【解析】当and用来连接一个祈使句和一个其谓语动词中有will，would，can，could等情态动词的陈述句时，and前一般用逗号，它前面的祈使句表示条件，相当于条件状语从句，例如：Work harder, and we will complete the bridge ten days ahead of schedule.（如果更努力些，我们就可以提前10天建成这座桥）。有时候，and前用一个名词或名词词组，也可起到同样的作用，例如：A few months more, and the hydra-electric station will be generating electricity.（再过几个月，这座水电站就可以发电了）。

88. B

【解析】句型“such…that”表示“如此……以至于”，that引导出结果状语从句。例如：Justice is such a fine thing that we cannot pay too dearly for it.（正义十分珍贵，乃无价之宝）。When truth is buried, it grows, it chokes, it gathers such explosive force that on the day it breaks out, it blows everything up with it.（当真理被埋没时，它在生长，它受到窒息，它积聚了巨大的爆发力，当它爆发的那一夫，它把一切都炸得粉碎）。

89. C

【解析】引导方式状语从句的连词just as有时可放在句首，主句前常加so与之呼应，构成固定搭配，以加强语气，而且主句也可以倒装，意为“正如……，……也一样”，例如：

Just as food is to man, so manure is to crops.（正如人需要食物一样，庄稼也需要养料）。Just as air is to man, so is water to fish.（空气之于人，犹如水之于鱼）。Just as fire tries gold, so does adversity try virtue.（烈火炼真金，逆境验美德）。

而“just as…as”表示“和……一样”，例如：He is just as clever as any other boy.（他完全和其他男孩一样聪明）。thus只用作副词，意为“如此，这样，因而，从而”；like用作介词，意为“像……”，它们都不用来引导句子。例如：We have run out of oil. Thus, we should turn to other forms of energy.（我们已用尽了石油，因此，需要转向其他能源）。It looks like gold．（这东西看起来像是金子）。

90. D

【解析】根据句中的时间状语“for some time”，空格上的时态可有两种选择：现在完成时与现在完成进行时。

91. C

【解析】此处考查的是过去分词的独立主格结构，即“with + 名词或代词 + 过去分词”。在该结构中，过去分词和名词或代词是逻辑上的动宾关系。这种结构可以用作状语，表示原因、时间、条件、方式或伴随情况等。例如：Everything prepared, they set off.（一切准备就绪，他们就出发了）。The assembling of the machine completed, we started operating it.（机器安装完毕，我们就开始操作）。The wire well insulated, we can use it here.（既然导线已经很好地绝缘了，我们就可把它用在这里）。With all the pipes blocked, no water can get out of the system.（管道全部封闭，水就漏不出来了）。

92. C

【解析】句型“would rather do sth. than do sth.”。例如：Mr. Delay would rather resign than get himself involved in the dirty dealings.（德勒先生宁愿辞职，也不愿卷入这几桩肮脏的交易中）。He’d rather join you in research work than go on holidays to the seaside, wouldn’t he? （他宁愿和你们一起参加研究工作，也不愿去海滨度假，不是吗?）。

93. B

【解析】ought to do sth.和should do sth.意为“应该做某事”，多用来提出劝告，例如：You should (ought to) go and see Mary sometime.（你应该抽时间去看看玛丽）。ought to have done sth.意为“本应该做完某事”，用来谈论已经发生的事情。例如：She ought to have arrived at her office by now.（她现在本该到办公室了）。

must do sth.用来发出有力的劝告或命令，例如：You must be here before 8 o’clock at the latest.（最晚你必须八点以前到这里）。

94. A

【解析】根据“must + have done”可表示对过去事情的肯定推测，我们就可肯定本句是对过去事情的陈述。另外，根据句意，我们可以断定连词or在这里作“否则”讲，相当于otherwise，用来引导出一个与已经陈述过的事实相反的情况作为条件的虚拟结果，例如：Take a taxi, or you would miss your train.（如果不叫出租车，你就赶不上火车了）；We must run，or we’ll be late.（我们得跑着去，要不就太晚了）。

95. D

【解析】may have done sth.意为“可能做了某事”。

must have done sth.表示推测，作“肯定做了某事”讲。would have done sth.意为“本来可能做了某事”。should have done sth.作“本来应该做某事（而实际未做）”讲。

96. C

【解析】facing the peasants为现在分词短语作定语，修饰前面的名词the hardship，它的作用相当于一个后置定语从句，实际上是省略了which was。到底应选现在分词、过去分词或是不定式需根据句意确定。现在分词表示该动作是由前面的名词发出的，它既可以表示进行中的动作，也可以表示惯常的动作。过去分词是被动态，表示前面的名词是受动者。不定式表示该动作将由前面的名词发出。

97. B

【解析】ever since表示自过去的某个时间直到现在为止，所以谓语需用完成时态。如果过程已经结束，需用现在完成时；如果过程尚未结束，需用现在完成进行时。

98. C

【解析】本题的基本句式是love A more than B，than前后两部分的结构应相同，保持两边的平衡，因此loves doing…more than going…；

rather than左右两边也应保持结构的平衡。

99. A

【解析】accused of…“受到指控”。分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种，现在分词表示主动意义，过去分词表示被动意义。到底应选现在分词或是过去分词主要取决于它同句子主语的关系。如果分词的动作是由主语发出的就应选现在分词；如果主语是受动者，就应选过去分词。

100. D

【解析】twice as much“两倍”。还可以说as much again，意思不变。注意：谈论不可数的东西时需说twice as much (as)，谈论可数的东西时需说twice as many (as)。

101. C

【解析】otherwise“否则”，连接副词，引导一个与过去事实相反的假设，相当于if I had not been held up by the traffic jam，因此句子谓语需用虚拟过去时。would be是虚拟现在时的结果句。ought to have been“本来应该”；must have been“一定已经”，纯属推断。

102. A

【解析】lest引导的从句谓语一般多用虚拟语气should + 动词原形，也可单独用动词原形，如：I’ll be kind to her lest she decide to leave me.

103. A

【解析】本题为虚拟过去时或叫非真实条件句过去时，条件句用过去完成时，作出与过去事实相反的假设，主句谓语用would/could/might have + 动词的过去分词。

104. B

【解析】以only引导的状语放在句首时，句子需用部分倒装句序，即将be动词或助动词放在主语前面。

105. B

【解析】“她昨天不可能见到你，因为她根本就不在那里”。could not后面跟不定式完成式用于推断过去不可能发生某事。

106. B

【解析】couldn’t have done sth.可用来表示对过去某一动作的否定推测，意为“不可能做过某事”，例如：He couldn’t have committed that crime because I was with him when the murder happened.（他不可能犯罪，因为凶案发生时我和他在一起）。

ought to have done意为“本应该做（而实际上未做的）某事”，含有责备之意，例如：You ought to have helped him yesterday.（昨天你本该去帮助他）。shouldn’t have done sth.意为“本来不应该做某事（反而做了)”，含有责备之意，例如：You shouldn’t have told him about his illness.（你本不该把他的病情告诉他）。

107. D

【解析】shouldn’t have done sth.意为“本来不应该做某事反而做了”，说明过去的动作，含有责备之意。Since he was very busy yesterday, you shouldn’t have asked him for help.（他昨天很忙，你不该去找他帮忙）。

B项更强调本身的意愿，例如：With all this work on hand, you mustn’t (oughtn’t to) go to the cinema.（手头有这么多工作要做，你不可以去看电影）。I have told him several times, but he wouldn’t listen（.我告诉他好几次了，可他就是不听）。

108. A

【解析】当陈述句以never / seldom / rarely / hardly / scarcely / not until / no sooner…(than) / not only / only + 状语 / so + 状语，等开头时，需用倒装，即将谓语中助动词、情态动词或系动词（be）放在主语之前。

109. C

【解析】“be busy + doing sth.”是固定搭配，意为“忙着做某事”，例如：They are busy packing up.（他们正忙着整理行装）。One of the thieves was struck by a heavy statue, but he was too busy helping himself to diamonds to notice any pain.（其中一个劫匪被一尊很重的塑像击中，但他只顾忙于抓钻石而顾不得疼痛了）。因句中讲的是“准备考试”，强调的是动作，所以应使用prepare for（为……做准备），该短语强调的是动作，例如：In any case, you should prepare for the worst.（无论如何，你要做好最坏的准备）。而be prepared for则作“为……做好了准备”讲，强调状态，例如：Come what will (may), I’m prepared for it.（不管发生什么事，我都做好了准备）。

110. B

【解析】even if相当于even though，在此引导让步状语从句，作“即使，即便”讲。

111. D

【解析】连词while不但可以引导时间状语从句，而且还可以引导让步状语从句，作“然而”讲，例如：English and French are living languages while Latin is dead.（英语和法语是现在都有人说的语言，而拉丁语现在却没有人说了）。

as可用来引导时间状语从句、方式状语从句和让步状语从句，分别意为“当……时候，随着……”，“正如”，“虽然，尽管”，该词引导让步状语从句时，从句要位于主句前，而且从句内容要倒装，例如：Successful as he is, he is not proud.（他虽然成功了，却不骄傲）。provided用来引导条件状语从句，意为“只要”，例如：I will lend you my book provided that you keep it clean.（只要不把书搞脏，我会把书借给你）。since常用来引导时间状语从句和原因状语从句，意为“自从；因为”，例如：He has written once since he left.（他离去后曾来过一封信）。

112. B

【解析】本题考查的是as引导的让步状语从句。动词publish动作的对象是从句的主语，所以需要用过去分词与was构成被动语态，例如：Thoroughly cleaned as it was，the room didn’t look tidy.（房间虽然彻底打扫了，看起来却并不整洁）。现在分词的被动式，表示该动作正在进行或与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，例如：Being earnestly

invited to dinner, she couldn’t very well refuse.（有人热情邀请她参加宴会，她不好意思拒绝）；动词不定式作状语一般表示动作的目的，一般是将要发生的动作。

113. D

【解析】这四个选项都可作副词，但directly还可以用作连词，相当于as soon as，作“一……就……”讲，例如：Directly I had done it, I knew I had made a mistake.（我刚做完这件事，就立即意识到我错了）。

promptly （敏捷地，迅速地）；presently （一会儿）； quickly （迅速地）。

114. D

【解析】本句中的more是程度副词much的比较级。more than前后的比较项应为同类项，例如：John spends more time watching TV than working.（约翰花在看电视上的时间比花在工作上的时间多）。She is more a doctor than a nurse.（与其说她是一个护士，不如说她是名医生）。The shoes are more comfortable than pretty.（这双鞋与其说漂亮，不如说穿着舒服）。

115. D

【解析】在“it is (high) time that”结构中，从句使用一般过去式，表示虚拟语气，意为“早该……了”，例如：It is high time that you got a wife and settled down.（你早该找个妻子安个家了）。It is high time that they were taught a lesson.（早就该教训他们一顿了）。

116. B

【解析】根据虚拟条件句谓语动词和虚拟主句谓语动词的搭配原则：从句使用过去完成时，主句使用“would + 完成时”，表示对过去事实的虚拟。

117. D

【解析】英语中虚拟语气的假设情况一般用条件句来表示，例如：If I hadn’t taken your advice, I would have made a serious mistake.（我要不是听了你的劝告就会犯大错了）。但有时这种假设情况并不以条件句表示出来，而是通过一个介词短语或一个词来表示，例如：We would have done better under favorable conditions.（在更有利的条件下我们还可以做得更好）。He would have given you more help, but he has been so busy.（他本来要多给你一些帮助的，可是他太忙了）。I was ill that day, otherwise I would have attended the meeting.（那天我病了，要不然就去开会了）。本句就是后一种用法，otherwise实际上引出的就是与过去事实相反的假设条件。相当于If we had known his telephone number，因此主句的谓语部分应用“would(could) + have done”。

118. B

【解析】prefer意为“宁愿”，后跟宾语从句时，从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气，构成形式为“should + 动词原形”，should可以省略，例如：We prefer that the plan (should) be fully discussed before being put into execution.（我们希望先充分讨论一下这个计划，然后再去实施）。

119. D

【解析】as作为连词，引导方式状语从句。其意为“像……一样”。根据平行结构原则，从句中应填人实义动词had （有）。为了避免重复，用助动词did代替had，例如：Study as Lenin did（did用来代替studied）（像列宁那样学习）.。He writes as his teacher does （does用来代替writes）.（他像他的老师那样写字）。

120. D

【解析】wish可以用来表达一种愿望，希望事物与其现状不一样，后接宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即从句使用一般过去时，表示对现在的虚拟；从句使用过去完成时，表示对过去的虚拟；从句使用“would(should) + 动词原形”表示一种比较委婉、比较客气的请求。又因为interested是形容词，不能直接跟在情态动词would后面，例如：I wish I were 10 years younger.（我要是年轻10岁就好了）。

121. C

【解析】从句的正常语序应为obtaining fresh water is not the least of which (of its problems)。介词of表示“在……（同类人或物）中”，例如：He is the most diligent of the boys.（他是男生中最勤奋的）。

122. B

【解析】and前面的分句用祈使句，相当于一个条件句，后面的分句用一般将来时，例如：Keep on listening to English every day and you will improve your listening comprehension.（只要每天坚持听英语，你的听力就会提高）。Work hard and you will catch up with your classmates.（只要你努力学习就会赶上你的同学的）。

123. D

【解析】in that意为“表现在；原因是，由于，因为”，例如：Britain’s press is unusual in that it is divided into two very different types of newspaper.（英国报纸的独特性在于它被分为两种不同的报纸）。

124. A

【解析】从句子结构看，it happens是从句，前面需要一个连词来连接。在四个选项中， the instant相当于“as soon as”，可起连接作用，例如：I sent you the news the instant I heard it.（我一听到这消息，便立刻通知了你）。Please let me know the instant you get the visa.（一拿到签证，就告诉我）。Stormy applause broke forth the instant she appeared on the stage.（她一在台上出现，台下就响起暴风雨般的掌声）。另外，类似短语还有the minute，the moment等。

125. A

【解析】in…situation是固定搭配，作“在……情形下，在……场合中”讲。例如：We must crash both the interior and exterior enemies of the Republic，or perish with her. And in this situation, the first maxim of our policy should be to conduct the People by reason and the enemies of the People by terror.（我们必须击败共和国内外的敌人，不然就会与共和国同归于尽。在此情况下，我们政策的第一条，应当是依靠理智来管理人民，借助恐怖来统治人民的敌人）。