专四词汇与语法汇总

bear，endure，stand，tolerate都含有一定的\"忍耐、忍受\"之意

在表示忍受pain，suffering，hardship等时，在许多情况下这四个词可以互换使用；通常与can或cannot连用

bear 强调忍受者对痛苦、忧虑、烦恼以及责任的承受力（常用于否定句中）endure (=bear bravely)指经受长期的艰难、困苦或折磨而不屈服，强调持久力和意志坚强（常用于否定句中）

stand 强调不屈不挠或经受得起（常用于否定句中）

tolerate指忍受某人或某种行为而不反抗，语气最弱（即可用于肯定句也可用于否定句）

He quietly endures the pain of a loveless marriage.他默默地忍受着没有爱情的婚姻的煎熬。

The sorrow was almost more than she could bear.她几乎忍受不了那种悲伤。

I can’t stand hot weather.我受不了热天。

A government that refuses to tolerate opposition cannot last long.

一个不听取反对意见的是不会长久的。

It’s hard for people to put up with that kind of treatment.人们很难忍受那种待遇。

assure，ensure，insure与reassure 区别

assure，ensure，insure与reassure这四个单词可谓是形近意似，但用法却不无区别。

㈠assure

▲assure用来表示向某人保证某事将要发生，既可以用来确证某事，也可以表

示使某人确信（If you ASSURE a person of something，you promise them or tell them that）。assure的宾语通常是人或人称代

词，所以不能直接搭用that －clause。其常用结构为：assuresb．ofsth．／as-。

①He assured us of his ability to solve the problem．他向我们保证他有能力解决这个问题。

②We booked early to assure ourselves of（getting）good seats．我们及早订座以保证我们能得到好座位。

▲assure后还可跟抽象名词作宾语，此时与ensure同义，表示确保。

①Weeks of practice assured ／ensured success in the match．几个星期的训练确保了在比赛中获得成功。

②Nothing can assure permanent peace．没有什么能确保永久和平。

▲assure在英国英语中作为专业术语，可表示投人寿保险。to insure ／assure against death投保寿险（life assurance ／insurance人寿保险）㈡ensure

▲ensure的意思是使某行为或某件事的结果得以保证，即确保某事发生（to make sure that sth．happens）。ensure后可以直接跟that-clause，并可以用复合宾语。常用结构为：ensure sth．／ensure ＋that －clause ／en-sure ＋obj．（i）＋obj．（d）

①To ensure the childs quick recovery，the doctor gave him an antibiotic．为使这个孩子尽快恢复，医生给他打了一剂抗生素。

②Registration ensures delivery of mail．挂号寄邮件保证会送到。

▲ensure也可以表示确保安全，免遭伤害。To ensure freedom against tyranny反对，维护自由

▲在美语中ensure常拼写为insure。㈢insure 意思是为防不测向保险公司付钱投保（to pay money to an insurance company against future disaster）。

①My house is insured against fire．我的房子保了火险。 ②Are you insured for all risks？你是不是给自己保了综合险？

㈣reassure表示安慰忧虑不安的人，使其安心，放心，恢复信心（to comfort someone who is anxious and make him ／her free from fear or wor- ry；

to bring back confidence to．．．）。常用结构为：reassure sb．（about sth．）／reassure sb．＋that-clause

①I was worried that my work wasnt good enough，but the teacher

reassured me（about it）．我担心我的作业不够好，可是老师却让我放心。

②The captain reassured the passengers about the strength of the

ship．那位船长向乘客保证船很坚固，要他们安心。 专四辅导系列之丛书系列 语法练习

英语专四语法与词汇练习题11

1.First published in 1927, the charts remain an _______ source for researchers.

A intelligent B indispensable C inevitable D identical

2. Please___ dictionaries when you are not sure of____ word spelling or meaning.

A search B seek C inquire D consult

3. It ____ you to at least 50% off the regular price of either frames or lenses when you buy both.

A credits

B entitles C presents D tips

4. The __ at the military academy is so rigid that students can hardly bear it.

A confinement B convention C discipline D principle

5. Doctors warned agaisnt chewing tobacco as a _____ for smoking.

A succession B substitute C revival D relief 答案1-5BDBCB

1.选B indispensable to do sth, indispensable for sth/ doing sth 不可缺少的,必需的

inevitable 不可避免的，必然发生的

identical同一的,identical to/with sb/sth与……完全相同的 2.选D consult with sb 与某人商量,consult查阅

3. 选B entitle sb to sth(用于被动语态) 给某人获得某事物或权利 4. 选C discipline 训练方式,处罚 confinement，监禁 convention大会

5.选B substitute 代替, 替用品 revival恢复，苏醒

英语专四语法与词汇练习题12

1.She managed to save__ she could out of her wages to help her brother.

A how little money B so little money C such little money D what little money

2. The statue would be perfect but for a few small__ in its base.

A mistakes B weakness C flaws D errors

3. The morning news says a school bus__ with a train at the junction and a group of policmen were sent there immediately.

A bumped B collided C crashed D struck

4. The screaming of a woman____ our attention back_____ the TV program.

B got...on C called...to D drew...over

5. This typerwriter is____ your service. A at B in C on D under 答案解析：

1.选D. what little+n表\"所仅有的\"

2.选C flaw\"缺陷，瑕疵，裂痕\" There is only a flaw in his argument.

mistake和error强调的是\"错误\"，weakness\"弱点\"

3.选B collide 碰撞，撞The two cars collided, but luckily no one was seriously hurt. strike打，袭击，攻击He struck the boy a violent blow.

bump碰，冲撞，偶遇I bumped into an old friend of mine on the road.

crash碰撞，坠落The car crashed into a tree.

4.选C call(draw) one's attention to 将某人的注意力吸引到…… pay attention to 注意，重视Please pay attention to your spellings.

5.选A at one's service 听候某人吩咐，听凭某人使用.(其他没有如此搭配)

英语专四语法与词汇练习题13

1. We are writing to the manager_ _the repairs recently carried out at the above address.

A with the exception B with the purpose of C with reference to D with a view to

2.Then the speaker__ the various factors leading to the present economic crisis.

B went into C went for D went on

3.Theory is based on practice and __ serves and guides practice.

A in turn B by turns C in return D taking turns

4. We hadn’t realized tha t there would be a power cut so we were astonished when the whole house was__ into darkness.

A dropped B dived C drowned D plunged

5. The school committee naturally hope that their choice of play will be __ with the school and parents.

A content B pleased C favorable D popular 1-5 CBADD

1.选C with reference to 关于，根据 With a view to 以……为目标，指望于

2.选B go into讨论，议论，详述They went into it for several hours, without much satisfaction on either side.

go for袭击，抨击His opponent went for him when his back was turned.我要收藏go on进行，发生If you never read newspaper, you’ll never know what’s going on in the world.

3. 选A in turn 依次，反过来They speak in turn.

in return 作为回报I helped her repair her bike, and she treated me to a cup of coffee in return.

by turns 轮流They laughed and cried by turns. take turns (at ) doing sth 轮流做某事

The three brothers took turns (at) looking after their mother. 4. 选D plunge into陷于某种状态 The country was plunged into a war. 5.选D be popular with受到……的喜爱

be content with对某事感到满足We are not content with our

present achievement.

be pleased with 对……感到满意，高兴I am very pleased with he has done.

Favorable 顺利的，有利的The weather is favorable to us for a start.来

英语专四语法与词汇练习题14

1.The policeman stopped him when he was driving home and __ him of speed.

A charged B accused C blamed D warned

2. The public opinion was that the time was not__ for the election of such a radical candidate as Mr. Jones.

A reasonable B ripe C ready D practical

3. The managing director took the __ for the accident, although it was not really his fault.

A guilt B blame C charge D accusation

4. Barry had an advantage over his mother__ he could speak French.

A since that B in that C at that D so that

5. Very few scientists__ completely new answers to the world’s problems.

A come up with B come out C come round D come up to 答案1-5 BBBBA

1、B accuse of 指控某人犯……罪He was accused of corruption. charge with指控某人犯……罪He was charged with negligence of duty.

blame sb for 因……埋怨，责怪Movies have been blamed for the crime wave.

warn sb of 警告，告戒某人He was warned of the danger. 2、B ripe引申为“时机成熟的，准备好的”I won’t tell her the news until the time is ripe for it.

ready for做好准备的Are you ready for the journey?

3、B take the blame for sth对某事负责，内疚We are ready to take the blame for that.

4、B in that 由于，因为Human beings are superior to animals in that they can use language as a tool to communicate.

5、A come up with提出，提供He claimed to have been the first to come up with that idea.

come out 出现，显露，出版，发表When will his new book come out?

come round/ around 顺便来访，改变主意He will never come round to our way of thinking.

come up to达到，符合Only in this way will you come up to the Party’s expectations.

英语专四语法与词汇练习题15

1.The political future of the president is now hanging by a __.

A thread B cord C string D rope

2.The question is still__ discussion. A in B by C for D under

3.We managed to reach the top of the mountain, and half an hour later we began to __.

A ascend B descend C decline D plunge

4.To survive in the intense trade competition between countries, we must__ the qualities and varieties of products we make to the world-market demand.

A improve B enhance C guarantee D gear

5.There has been a __ lack of communication between the union and the management.

A regretful B regrettable C regretting D regretted 答案：1-5ADBDB

1.选A 四个选项都有“绳索”这个意思，但只有thread和hang

by构成习语：hang by a thread千钧一发，危在旦夕

2.选D be+ prep+n(表动作的名词)来表示“被动”而under discussion是习惯搭配

3.选B descend 指人，物体从某一高度/斜面上“下来/降”On turning the corner, we saw that the road descended sharply.

decline 强调权利，繁荣，成就，健康状况，体力，记忆，数量的“减少，衰落”His influence declined after he lost the election.

ascend渐渐上升，descend的反义词。We watched the balloon ascend higher and higher.

plunge使突然前倾或下降The sudden application of the brakes plunged him forward.

enhance 增加，提高The moonlight enhanced the beauty of the scene.

4.选D gear to使……适合，配合We must gear the amount of products we make to the increase in public demand. 现在来分析题目.题中的To……,是目的状语.而we 是主语, gear.to 是谓语,而the qualitiesand varieties of products 是宾语,而we make 是来修饰这个宾语的,the world-market demand是宾补.句子的大致意思就是说我们必须根据市场的需求制造商品,才能在市场上立足.

5 选B regrettable 可惜的regretful后悔的，抱歉的 英语专四语法与词汇练习题16

1.I have no doubt that __ all of these people were taught in school that the earth revolves around the sun.

A virtually B remarkably C ideally D preferably

2.The story that follows__ two famous characters of the Rocky Mountain gold rush days.

A concerns

B states C proclaims D relates

3.Tom__ better than to ask Dick for help. A shall know B shouldn’t know C has known

D should have known

4.The schoolmaster __ the girl’s bravery in his opening speech.

A applauded B enhanced C elevated D clapped

5.The head of the Museum was __ and let us actually examine the ancient manuscripts.

A promising B agreeing C pleasing D obliging Keys:1-5 AADAD

1. 选A virtually 实际上,几乎Virtually the queen rules the Kingdom instead of the King.

2. 选A concern “关于”=be about. This story concerns a good girl and a wicked fairy. state陈述,叙述The book s tates the case for women’s rights very clearly.

proclaim宣布,宣告The ringing bells proclaimed the news of the birth of the prince.

3. 选D know better than to do sth 明白事理而不至于……You ought to know better than to go swimming on such a cold day.

4. 选A applaud 称赞，赞许The teacher applauded his brave spirit. enhance提高，增强，clap鼓掌。Elevate举起，提高The fresh morning air elevated him.

5. 选D obliging 乐于助人的，有礼貌的The United States and Australia were not so obliging. The two countries banned the import of British beef as early as 1988.

英语专四语法与词汇练习题17

1.We mustn’t relax our vigilance___. A in the least B at least C at most D in the end

2. During the reading lesson, the teacher asked the students to read a few __ from the novel.

A pieces B essays C fragments D extracts

3. But they aslo __ beyond the individual places and consider the earth as a whole.

A pass B reach C go D set

4. How human beings and their environment act __ each other.

A upon B for C as D to

5. The mere fact __ most people believe nuclear war would be madness does not mean that it will not occur.

A what B which C that D why

答案1-5ADCAC

1.选A ①in the least 丝毫，一点They don’t in least understand this.

②in the end 最后，终于

In the end they reached their destination before dusk. ③at least至少 ④at most至多

2.选D ①extract 做节录，引文，选段

He applied to the publisher for permission to reprint an extract.

②fragment 碎片，断片，(文艺作品等的)残存部分

Liberty and civilization are only fragments of rights wrung from the strong hands of wealth and book learning.

③essay 散文，小品文，随笔，短文，评论

3.选C go beyond超过，超出These issues go beyond the range of language study. 而set 和pass，reach不与beyond搭配。

4.选A ①act upon作用于This drug act upon (on) the nerves. ②act as 作为……而作出反应，充当

His job was to act as a link between the government and the press.

③work at从事She had been wondering what she should work at in order to gain her doctorate.

5.选C 从句子结构来看，fact后接的是同位语从句。 英语专四语法与词汇练习题18

1. His expenditure on holidays and luxuries is rather high in __ with his income.

A comparison B proportion C association D calculation

2. The President made his last public __ before his term of office ended.

A appearance B engagement C gathering D meeting

3. There is no much time left, so I’ll tell you about it__. A in detail B in brief C in short D in all

4. The population is leveling __ in the area as a result of family planning.

A with B off C up D against

5. The rain was heavy and __ the land was flooded. A consequently B continuously C constantly D consistently 答案：1-5AABBA

1.选A ①in comparison with与……比较起来(可比相同点或不同

点)The tallest buildings in London are small in comparison with those of New York. ②in proportion to与……成比例The insolence of the vulgar is in proportion to their ignorance: they treat everything with contempt which they do not understand. ③in association with 与……联合，与……共同They finished the work in association with their friends.

2.选A make one’s last appearance 最后一次露面

3.选B ①in brief简短地，简言之This, in brief, is the answer to the argument.②in short 总之，用在表总结的场合You can’t make me! I won’t do it! In short, no!

4.选B ①level off达到平衡，稳定Prices leveled off after the inflation ended.

②level with和……一样，坦率诚实地对待She leveled with him and felt better for it.③level up 使……升高，到同一个平面上，提高We should level the output of our factory up to that of the advanced. ④level against对某人提出(控告)Some of the criticisms leveled against us are not altogether fair.

5.选A 根据句子的意思，可以看出and前后表因果关系，所以选consequently表因此。

英语专四语法与词汇练习题19 Test Nineteen 表语从句中的虚拟语气

如果句中主语的中心名词是suggestion, proposal, order, request, recommendation等，那么后面的表语从句一般要使用虚拟语气，其谓语形式为：(should)+动词原形。

His motion is that we should hold another session to discuss the problem.

My proposal was that we cancel the examination and assign the students to write term papers instead.

近义词辨析

beam, shine, glitter, flash, glow 这组词均含有“亮光”的意思。 beam

指由灯塔，日月等发出的“光束，光柱”，又可比喻高兴的表情或微笑。

shine

表示通过磨擦等手段达到的“光亮”。 glitter

指辉煌或灿烂的“光辉”，其光源主要为星、剑、黄金等闪光物体。

flash

表示突然而明亮的“闪光”，光源为电、火药、炮火等。 glow

指由余烬或萤火等发出的闪烁的“光辉”，通常指无焰的燃烧。 如：Look, there’s a beam of light coming through the thick fog.瞧，浓雾里射出了一道光线。

Give your shoes a good shine.把你的鞋擦亮点儿。

We were attracted by the glitter of the Christmas tree decorations.我们被圣诞树上闪闪发光的装饰物所吸引。

His first novel was a flash in the pan.他的第一部小说只是昙花一现。

The glow from the embers warmed us.火红的余烬使我们感到暖洋洋的。

全真模拟试题

1. One of the requirements for a fire is that the material ____ to its burning temperature.

A. be heated B. is heated C. would be heated D. to heated

2. ____ will Mr. Forbes be able to regain control of the company.

A. With hard work B. Only if he works hardly C. In spite of his hard work D. Only with hard work

3. ____ is no reason for discharging her. A. Because she was a few minutes late B. Owing to a few minutes being late C. The fact that she was a few minutes late D. Being a few minutes late

4. ____ what may, we’re not going to make any concessions to his unreasonable demands.

A. Come C. Coming D. Having come

5. Every means ____ tried out but never w ith success, as far as my knowledge goes.

A. is B. are C.has been D. have been

6. He concluded his speech with a remark that failure ____ the mother of success.

A. is B. were C.was D.must be

7. The design liaison meeting ____ ten days by the time it ends.

A. must have lasted B. will have lasted C. would last D. has lasted

8. ____ before we depart the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful dinner party.

A. Had they arrived B. Would they arrive C. Were they arriving D. Were they to arrive

9. As ____ clear from his manners, he is a teacher. A. being C. to be D. been

10. Great as Newton was, many of his ideas ____ today and are being modified by the work of scientists of our time.

A. are to challenge B. may be challenged C. have been challenged D. are challenging

11. It is necessary that the students ____ more excercises to do.

A. have B.must have C. will have D. can have

12. The present situation forced us to ____ this policy. A. adapt B. admit C. adopt

D. adjust

13. We can ____ the two islands with a bridge. A. unite B. connect C. relate D. combine

14. Due to the bad weather the plane was ____ for two hours. A. delayed B. canceled D. dismissed

15. The ____ populated area was a breeding place fo r infectious diseases.

A. densely B. sparcely C. improperly D. poisonous

16. Perhaps the customer has ____ his monthly statement and not paid the bill.

A. omitted B. bewildered C. overlooked D. escaped

17. He was almost asleep, ____ with all this ha r d work. A. worn down B. worn out C. worn off D. worn away

18. It happened in front of a fruit and vegetable ____ in my neighborhood.

A. station

B. stand C. joint D. lift

19. The first step in the study of any language is observing and ____ precise l y what happens when native speakers speak it.

A. setting off B. setting about