最新 高考英语任务型阅读专题练习及答案50

一、高中英语任务型阅读

1．根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Every animal sleeps, but the reason for this has remained foggy. When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month.________ One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories. ________ We know that, while awake, fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing (加强) connections between brain cells, but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear.

Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons (神经元) in the brain can be weakened overnight, making room for fresh memories to form the next day.________

Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right.________ The synapses in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those taken before sleep, showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping.

If Tononi's theory is right, it would explain why, when we miss a night's, we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new information — our brains may have smaller room for new experiences.

Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapses become thinner. The team discovered that some synapses seem to be protected and stayed the same size. ________ \"You keep what matters,\" Tononi says. A. We should also try to sleep well the night before.

B. It's as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.

C. That's why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning. D. Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick. E. The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.

F. Tononi's team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12 mice. G. \"Sleep is the price we pay for learning,\" says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea. 【答案】D；C；G；F；B

【解析】文章大意：这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了睡觉对神经元的影响。

（1）考查细节理解。根据上一句的When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month. 实验室的小老鼠若不让它睡觉，它不到一个月就死了，可知，D项“同样，人若几天不睡觉就会生病。”最切题。故答案选D。

（2）考查细节理解。结合上文提到睡眠帮助我们加强记忆，而C项中说“这就是为什么学生在学习之后有机会睡一觉的话，考试的成绩会更好。”由此可知，C项最切题。故答案选C。

（3）考查推理判断。结合上文，上文提及的是一个理论，选项G中的“Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea. 朱莉奥是提出这个理论的人 ”正好呼应，故答案选G。

（4）考查推理判断。根据下文可知，老鼠在睡眠结束时，突触会变小18%，表明睡眠时神

经元会变弱，F项“托诺尼的团队测量了12只老鼠的大脑”与下文最呼应，故答案选F。 （5）细节理解。根据上文讲述神经元虽然会变弱，但有些神经元会保持不变，再结合下文说，你记住了最重要的事，由此可知，B项“大脑似乎会保护最重要的记忆”与上下文的衔接最好。故答案选B。

【点评】七选五题型解题技巧：在答题中，应首先略读一下短文，了解一下短文的大致意思，然后把几个选项含义理解透，尤其注意意思相近，表达有交叉的选项之间的区别。然后再细读短文，把答案填入合适位置。答题时可以把含义相近的几个选项轮流填入同一处位置，反复阅读，反复体会，找出最佳选项，对于实在没有把握的小题可以留待最后完成。完成短文后，再认真通读一遍全文，看看上下语意是否通顺，是否符合逻辑关系。

2．任务型阅读

You may be more interested in a boxing or yoga studio. If you are interested in variety, you'll be better off going with a larger complex that might contain equipment for sports, for example. Pay more attention to the importance of position.________ So pick a sport that fits your sense when a visit would typically occur. The fitness equipment should be close to your home or workplace. Whether to make it convenient or inconvenient is often one of the greatest barriers to success.

Take advantage of free trials.________ During your visit, you want to think about the number of people using machines, the friendliness of the staff, and whether showers are offered there. ________ The two primary places to check for dirt and stain are in the locker room and the comers of the workout rooms. Also pay attention to smell. Make sure there is a way to easily clean equipment.

Talk with personnel about the busiest times and the number of members using the gym on a typical day.________ Learn about membership packages, extra fees and guest passes for friends and family.

By thoughtfully considering gyms and fitness center you can ensure you will actually like your choice and use your membership. Considering the right aspects will help you pick good equipment.________

A. Make sure everything is clean. B. The places should be comfortable to use. C. Good health is of great importance for you.

D. It's easy to ignore your body when you have a busy day. E. The fitness center you like will offer a chance to try them out. F. Find out whether they require pre-class registration or reservations. G. So you can jump into achieving your fitness goals and improving your life. 【答案】D；E；A；F；G

【解析】【分析】本文告诉你如何选择合适的运动设备来健身。如果你对多样性运动感兴趣的话，你最好选择一个更大的复杂的存放运动器材设备的地方。（在原文基础上有改动）考虑到正确的方面将帮助你挑选合适的设备，所以这样你就可以实现你的健身目标和改善你的生活。

(1)根据上句：更加注意位置的重要性。可知，当你一天忙碌的时候，你很容易忽视你的身

体。故选D.

(2)根据上句：利用免费试用的机会。可知，你喜欢的健身中心会给你一个尝试的机会。故选E。

(3)此空是段落首句，根据上下文可知用祈使句，在A/F中选。再根据下句：检查污垢和污渍的两个主要地方是更衣室和健身房的人。可知，要确保一切都是干净的。根据句意可知选A。

(4)根据上句：与员工谈论最繁忙的时间和每天使用健身房的会员人数。再根据空格下句：了解会员包、额外费用和朋友、家人的通行证。可知，弄清楚他们是否需要预注册或预订。故选F。

(5)根据上句：考虑到正确的方面将帮助你挑选合适的设备。可知，所以这样你就可以实现你的健身目标和改善你的生活。故选G。

【点评】考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。做题时，学生需注意速读全文，了解大意知主题，浏览选项，在上下文中找到信息词、句，并注意空前，空后间的逻辑关系，运用上下文所重复的关键词推断理清结构，确定答案

3．任务型阅读

Last week the electricity in my flat went out. I had just got home from work and was happily making my tea, when all a sudden I was surrounded by complete darkness. I tried to fix it but failed. I had to wait for an electrician to come in the morning________

I sat down to eat my half-cooked dinner. And then I wasn't really sure what to do. My typical evening is spent watching the TV and looking through social media________ So for me it was an early night. And I couldn't help but think, do we rely too much on electricity? That night, losing our electricity felt like losing a basic necessity. As basic as running water________I use electricity all the time, even when it's not really necessary.

________It contributes to global warming. It is harming our environment and we need to do what we can to stop it. Not only that, but if we continue to use the same large amount of energy we will soon run out.

So, shouldn't we start preparing for it now? Cutting back on our use of electricity would make losing it easier, and also save energy resources so that they could last for longer________ And if everyone does the same, we can make a big difference. A. Tonight this wasn't possible. B. Obviously, we can't survive without it. C. Our over-use of electricity is a big problem. D. This left me a whole night without any electricity. E. Electricity brings us convenience and trouble. F. But really, we've grown to take electricity for granted. G. I know for sure that I could cut down on my use of electricity. 【答案】 D；A；F；C；G

【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。一场突如其来的停电让作者意识到电的宝贵，也使作者开始反思自己浪费电的行为。作者决定从自己做起，开始节约用电。

（1）上面内容提到突然停电，“我”想修但没修好，D选项“这使我一个晚上都没有电”是上面内容的结果。故选D。

（2）上一句提到：平时，我都是通过看电视，浏览社交媒体来度过晚上的（My typical evening is spent watching the TV and looking through social media），下一句提到：所以，对我而言，今天晚上是一个很早的晚上（So for me it was an early night）；A选项“今天晚上，这不可能了”是停电后的结果，承上启下。故选A。

（3）上一句提到，电像自来水一样是必需的（As basic as running water），下一句提到：我一直使用电，甚至当真的没必要的时候（我也用电）（I use electricity all the time, even when it's not really necessary）。F选项“但是，我们把电当成了理所当然的东西”符合上下文逻辑，承上启下，故选F。

（4）下一句提到：它导致了全球变暖。再结合上一段末提到的自己浪费电的情况可知，该空应指浪费电的这种现象。故C选项“我们过度使用电，这是一个大问题。”承上启下，故选C。

（5）由下一句提到的“And if everyone does the same”可知，该句应当提到需要做什么，故G选项“我知道我能削减对电的使用”符合上下文逻辑，故选G。

【点评】七选五阅读解题技巧：在答题中，应首先略读一下短文，了解一下短文的大致意思，然后把几个选项含义理解透，尤其注意意思相近，表达有交叉的选项之间的区别。然后再细读短文，把答案填入合适位置。答题时可以把含义相近的几个选项轮流填入同一处位置，反复阅读，反复体会，找出最佳选项，对于实在没有把握的小题可以留待最后完成。完成短文后，再认真通读一遍全文，看看上下语意是否通顺，是否符合逻辑关系。

4．任务型阅读

Why do some people feel obliged to do the craziest things, while most of us are happy to sit on the sofa and watch their exploits on TV? Robin Styles ponders(考虑)this question.

Generally, we love to watch someone's bravery and drama--a single person against the wilds of nature, testing their endurance beyond belief. And our pleasure is greater because we live a comfortable and increasingly risk-free life, where the greatest test of endurance is getting to work through the rush hour. ________However, there are countless ways to test the limits of your endurance, if you should wish to do so, by attempting something unpleasant, uncomfortable or just plain dangerous.

American Lynne Cox swims in sub-zero temperatures through the planet's most dangerous oceans wearing only a swimsuit--for fun! According to Lynne, there is always something driving her on. At age 9, when she was swimming in an outdoor pool one day, a violent storm blew up, but she refused to get out of the pool. Something make her carry on. Then she realized that, as the water got colder and rougher, she was actually getting faster and warmer, and she was really enjoying it. At age 14, she broke her first endurance record. Years later, experts discovered that Lynne has a totally even layer of body fat, like a seal. ________

The famous British explorer, Sir Ranulph Fiennes, has led many major expeditions (远征) in the extreme cold, including walking right round the Arctic Circle. He has also led expeditions in the extreme heat, and discovered the Lost City of Ubar in the Omani desert. ________Sir Fiennes has

said, \"If I am getting sick, I find a very powerful way of conquering it is to know that my father would have definitely done it.\"

________There is probably no such thing as a \"normal\" adventurer. Unsurprisingly, risk-takers tend to be single-minded and unusually determined people who hate the stability and routine that most people prefer. They tend to take risks for the \"fun\" of it. The excitement becomes addictive, and they want more and more of it. Ordinary life seems boring in comparison. A. She is perfectly made for doing what she does, it seems. B. Adventurers are clearly different from the rest of us. C What she did was really beyond our imagination.

D. It seems that many adventurers spend their lives trying to live up to the image of a parent. E. And most of us would prefer it to remain that way.

F. Many adventurers have amazed the world with their extraordinary skills. 【答案】 E；A；D；B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了一些人喜欢以冒险为乐趣。

（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“And our pleasure is greater because we live a comfortable and increasingly risk-free life, where the greatest test of endurance is getting to work through the rush hour.”我们过着一种舒适的、越来越没有风险的生活，和后面的转折可知，我们大多数人都希望保持这种舒适的状态。故选E。

（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“Years later, experts discovered that Lynne has a totally even layer of body fat, like a seal.”可知，琳·考克斯就像海豹一样脂肪层完全均匀，似乎天生就适合做她所做的事情。故选A。

（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“Sir Fiennes has said, \"If I am getting sick, I find a very powerful way of conquering it is to know that my father would have definitely done it.\" 费因斯爵士曾说过：“如果我生病了，我发现一种非常强大的战胜它的方法就是知道我父亲肯定会这么做。”，从而可以推断出，很多冒险家都是为了不辜负父母的期望。故选D。

（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“There is probably no such thing as a ‘normal’ adventurer.”可能没有所谓的“正常”冒险家，可知，冒险家显然不同于我们其他人。故选B。

【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

5．请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

Robert F. Kennedy once said that a country's GDP measures \"everything except that which makes life worthwhile. \"With Britain voting to leave the European Union, and GDP already predicted to slow as a result, it is now a timely moment to assess what he was referring to. The question of GDP and its usefulness has annoyed policymakers for over half a century. Many argue that it is a flawed(有缺陷的) concept. It measures things that do not matter and misses things that do. By most recent measures, the UK's GDP has been the envy of the Western world, with record low unemployment and high growth figures. If everything was going so well, then

why did over 17 million people vote for Brexit, despite the warnings about what it could do to their country's economic prospects.

A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth into well-being sheds some light on that question. Across the 163 countries measured, the UK is one of the poorest performers in ensuring that economic growth is translated into meaningful improvements for its citizens. Rather than just focusing on GDP, over 40 different sets of criteria from health, education and civil society engagement have been measured to get a more rounded assessment of how countries are performing.

While all of these countries face their own challenges, there are a number of consistent themes. Yes, there has been a budding economic recovery since the 2008 global crash, but in key indicators in areas such as health and education, major economies have continued to decline. Yet this isn't the case with all countries. Some relatively poor European countries have seen huge improvements across measures including civil society, income equality and the environment. This is a lesson that rich countries can learn: When GDP is no longer regarded as the sole measure of a country's success, the world looks very different.

So, what Kennedy was referring to was that while GDP has been the most common method for measuring the economic activity of nations, as a measure, it is no longer enough. It does not include important factors such as environmental quality or education outcomes all things that contribute to a person's sense of well-being.

The sharp hit to growth predicted around the world and in the UK could lead to a decline in the everyday services we depend on for our well-being and for growth. But policymakers who refocus efforts on improving well-being instead of simply worrying about GDP figures could avoid the forecasted doom and may even see progress.

Title: High GDP But ________ Well-being, a UK Lesson Passage outline Supporting details country's GDP except ________ made life worthwhile. ·Many people hold belief that GDP measures what is unimportant andmisses what ________ GDP as the measure of ·Despite the fact the Westem world has envied the UK's for its ________ is widely defied in high GDP with high________ and high growth figures, over 17 the UK. million people voted to leave the European Union. ·A recent annual study shows that in the 163 countries measured, the UK is one of countries, which have most ________ transformed economic growth into meaningful improvements for its citizens. Main assessments of a ·Over 40________ of criteria from health, education and civil country's________ society engagement. ·Environmental quality or education outcomes-all things________in a person's sense of happiness. Different opinions of GDP ·Robert F. Kennedy believed that everything was measured by a Factors considered beyond Policymakers, who don't simply worry about GDP figures, instead GDP think________ of improving happiness, can avoid forecasting doom and may even see progress. 【答案】 Inadequate；what；counts/matters；success；employment；poorly；performance；varieties/ranges；resulting；highly/much

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了据GDP显示，英国拥有令西方国家羡慕的低失业率和高增长数据，但英国民众的幸福感不强，这说明GDP不能真实地反映出民众的幸福指数，制定者应该将精力重新集中在改善民生上，而不仅仅是担心GDP数据。 （1）考查形容词。根据第一段中的“If everything was going so well, then why did over 1 million people vote for Brexit, despite the warnings about what it could do to their country's economic prospects.”可知，如果英国真拥有令人羡慕的低失业率和高增长数据的话，为什么还有那么多英国民众不顾本国经济前景而支持英国脱欧呢？由此可知，英国虽然拥有高GDP，但是英国民众的幸福感不足，修饰名词well-being用形容词，故填Inadequate。 （2）考查主语从句。根据第一段中的“Robert F. Kennedy once said that a country's GDP measures \"everything except that which makes life worthwhile.”可知，Robert F. Kennedy认为，GDP衡量了除了让生活与意义以外的所有东西，从句中缺少主语，故填what。 （3）考查动词。根据第一段中的“It measures things that do not matter and misses things that do.”可知，GDP衡量的是无关紧要的东西，而忽略了真正重要的东西，故填counts/matters。

（4）考查名词。根据倒数第三段中的“When GDP is no longer regarded as the sole measure of a country's success, the world looks very different.”可知，GDP被视为衡量一个国家成功与否的唯一标准受到民众的广泛质疑，故填success。

（5）考查名词。根据第一段中的“If everything was going so well, then why did over 1 million people vote for Brexit, despite the warnings about what it could do to their country's economic prospects.”可知，如果英国真拥有令人羡慕的低失业率和高增长数据的话，为什么还有那么多英国民众不顾本国经济前景而支持英国脱欧呢？低失业率对应高就业率，故填employment。

（6）考查副词。根据第二段中的“Across the 163 countries measured, the UK is one of the poorest performers in ensuring that economic growth is translated into meaningful improvements for its citizens.”可知，在确保经济增长转化为对本国居民有意义的改善方面，英国是表现得最差的国家之一，修饰动词transformed用副词，故填poorly。

（7）考查名词。根据第二段中的“Rather than just focusing on GDP, over 40 different sets of criteria from health, education and civil society engagement have been measured to get a more rounded assessment of how countries are performing.”可知，人们不仅关注GDP，还衡量了来自卫生、教育和公民社会参与等40多套不同标准，以更全面地评估各国的表现，故填performance。

（8）考查名词。根据第二段中的“over 40 different sets of criteria from health, education and civil society engagement have been measured to get a more rounded assessment of how countries are performing.”可知，人们衡量了来自卫生、教育和公民社会参与等40多套不同

标准，故填varieties/ranges。

（9）考查非谓语动词。根据倒数第二段中的“It does not include important factors such as environmental quality or education outcomes all things that contribute to a person's sense of well-being. ”可知，它不包括重要的因素，如环境质量或教育成果，所有有助于一个人的幸福感的事情，result in表示“导致”，things与result之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作后置定语，故填resulting。

（10）考查副词。根据最后一段中的“But policymakers who refocus efforts on improving well-being instead of simply worrying about GDP figures could avoid the forecasted doom and may even see progress.”可知，如果制定者将精力重新集中在改善民生上，而不仅仅是担心GDP数据，就能避免预测中的厄运，甚至会看到进展，think highly/much of表示“重视、看重”，故填highly/much。

【点评】信息匹配题解题步骤：（一）先“少”后“多”；（二）锁定关键信息：抓实词；（三）信息匹配题１.寻找同义、相同的词或词组；２.寻找近义词或词组；３.留意数字（包括时间）；（四）读懂省略文字；（五）学会“认”生词；（六）巧用标注记号 。

6．Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Shanghai Hengyuanxiang Drama Development Company and Netherlander Worldwide Entertainment signed a deal last November that would see Shimmer (《犹太人在上海》) become the first Chinese musical to have an open-ended run on Broadway in 2019. ________ Directed by Xu Jun, Shimmer is a musical in both English and Chinese. Shimmer, which tells a story about Jews who fled to Shanghai to escape Nazi persecution () during World War II, was first shown at the Shanghai Culture Square in 2015. ________ The musical's scheduled open-ended run in 2019 will be one of the events to celebrate the 40th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the United States. With this play being shown on Broadway, the ties between Chinese people and Americans will be firmly strengthened. And through this drama, the audience can feel the charm of Chinese culture.

________ To deal with the problem, many production companies in Shanghai have pointed out that they should keep striving for improvement by creating more Chinese musicals and by creating more audiences. Currently, those who watch Western musicals in China are limited to a small group — people who have received a university education or have had overseas working experiences, white-collar and even gold-collar workers. There are only a handful of people who understand foreign languages and you have to find a way to motivate the public and get them into the theater.

________ There has been a handful of successful musical stories in Shanghai. The Chinese editions of Broadway musicals Cats and Mamma Mia, both of which had hundreds of shows across China, are among the top box office hits.

A. What do you think we can do to prevent Chinese musicals from declining in popularity? B. At that time, the musical was chosen as the opening show for the 17th China Shanghai International Arts Festival.

C. The box office is expected to be twice higher than that of last year, reaching $1 million in total.

D. The small audience size hasn't discouraged local artists from producing outstanding works. E. The deal is a milestone for Shimmer in its goal to further spread its influence to the world. F. Despite the huge success of Shimmer, the team is facing a limited market. 【答案】 E；B；F；D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍恒元翔戏剧发展公司将《犹太人在上海》推向国际舞台，尽管获得可巨大的成功，但很多制作公司自身发展,面临着观众少，市场狭窄的问题，与此同当地艺术家仍然在不断创作优秀作品。

（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“Shanghai Hengyuanxiang Drama Development Company and Netherlander Worldwide Entertainment signed a deal last November that would see Shimmer (《犹太人在上海》) become the first Chinese musical to have an open-ended run on Broadway in 2019.”可知，上海恒元翔戏剧发展公司和尼德兰全球娱乐公司去年11月签署了一项协议，将使《犹太人在上海》成为中国第一部在2019年在百老汇公开上映的音乐剧。所以小题1要说明这项协议给《犹太人在上海》带来的影响和意义。 E. The deal is a milestone for Shimmer in its goal to further spread its influence to the world. “该协议是《犹太人在上海》进一步将其影响力扩大到世界的目标的一个里程碑”符合题意。故选E。

（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“The musical's scheduled open-ended run in 2019 will be one of the events to celebrate the 40th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and United States”可知，这部音乐剧定于2019年公开上映，将是庆祝中美建交40周年的活动之一。《犹太人在上海》不是第一次上映，所以判断出小题2要说明它在2015年因为什么而上映的。 B. At that time, the musical was chosen as the opening show for the 17th China Shanghai International Arts Festival. “当时，这部音乐剧被选为第十七届中国上海国际艺术节的开幕式上表演。”符合题意。故选B。 （3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。由第三段的内容可知，第三段主要介绍了上海的许多制作公司通过创作更多的中国音乐剧和吸引更多的观众来不断努力改进自己的作品，以及观众群体的局限性。这都说明尽管《犹太人在上海》取得了巨大的成功，但团队仍面临着有限的市场。所以判断出小题3是本段的标题。 F. Despite the huge success of Shimmer, the team is facing a limited market. “尽管《犹太人在上海》取得了巨大的成功，但团队仍面临着有限的市场”为本段的标题。故选F。

（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“there has been a handful of successful musical stories in Shanghai. The Chinese editions of Broadway musicals Cats and Mamma Mia, both of which had hundreds of shows across China, are among the top box office hits. ”可知上海有一些成功的音乐故事。百老汇音乐剧《猫》和《妈妈咪呀》的中国版在中国各地都有数百场演出，都是票房冠军。所以这里具体列举了很多百老汇音乐剧的中国版都取得了不错的票房，意在说明观众人数少并没有妨碍当地艺术家创作优秀作品。所以此处要起到总说的作用，然后在进行解释说明。 D. The small audience size hasn't discouraged local artists from producing outstanding works. “观众人数少并没有妨碍当地艺术家创作优秀作品”符合句意。故选D。

【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

7．根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Lemon water is pretty popular. It's offered as a free upgrade to regular water at pretty many restaurants.________, others are devotees of the possible health benefits. Here's what may happen if you take up the lemon water habit. Easier weight loss

Studies in mice indicate that the antioxidants(抗氧化剂) in lemons can reduce weight gain despite a high-fat diet. More studies are needed to determine if the results can be applied to humans, but anecdotal evidence is favorable. People who drink lemon water regularly report easier weight loss, though it is unclear if the combination of lemon and water is the fundamental driver.________. Get enough vitamin C

Vitamin C is an important antioxidant that has a ton of health benefits. It can only be gotten from food as our bodies don't produce it alone. Getting your RDA (Recommended Daily Allowance) of vitamin C can lower the risk of heart disease, stroke, and high blood pressure. Vitamin C is good for your skin and bonds with free radicals (自由电子) that accelerate aging.________, but they're a great source nevertheless. Stabilized moods

Studies have found that smelling lemon scent reduces stress hormones that regulate mood. Drinking lemon water offers this benefit as well as the vitamins and potassium(钾) in the fruit. ________, and high blood pressure is related to stress, so not getting enough potassium can certainly affect your mood. All in all, lemon water can be a calming drink.

In the end, drinking water is never a bad call, and there is absolutely no reason not to add lemon to it. Drinking lemon water provides some helpful nutrients and antioxidants. Give it a try!________.

A. Lemon is a common smell in all manner of cleaning products B. Potassium plays a huge part in regulating blood pressure C. There is nothing to lose

D. Lemons aren't the highest in vitamin C

E. While some people drink it simply because of its taste F. If adding lemon to water can encourage people to drink more

G. It could be that drinking more water helps dieters to feel full and avoid overeating 【答案】 E；G；D；B；C

【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。从三个方面说明了柠檬水能够有益健康的原因。 （1）下文中的others可知此处表示的some people的看法，因此推断E项：而有些人仅仅因为它的味道而喝它，其他人则是健康益处的忠实信徒。符合语境，故答案选E。 （2）本句位于段尾，有承接总结上文的作用。上文中提到经常喝柠檬水的人更容易减肥，段尾总结说明原因：这可能是因为多喝水有助于节食者感到饱腹感，避免暴饮暴食。G选项代入文中前后连贯通顺，故答案选G。

（3）本段主要说明了柠檬中富含维生素C，D选项中的vitamin C对应小标题，且与后文中的指代柠檬的代词they相对应，故D选项符合题意。

（4）首先本句位于段落中间，有承上启下的作用。且B选项中的Potassium 对应上文 Drinking lemon water offers this benefit as well as the vitamins and potassium(钾) in the fruit.（喝柠檬水提供了这种好处以及维生素和水果中的钾。），选项中的blood pressure 对应后文的 high blood pressure is related to stress（高血压与压力有关）。故B选项符合题意。 （5）段尾综合上文提到了的柠檬水的好处，所以提出give it a try试一试的建议，因为喝柠檬水反正没有什么可失去的，是没有坏处的。故C选项符合题意。 【点评】阅读理解七选五解题步骤

1）分析选项，串联主题：了解文章的主题、大意，会让解题的方向更明确。 2）研究空格前后，对比选项，选择答案。 3）复读短文，核对答案：为了保证答案的正确性，一定要把答案代入原文，进行核对检查。

8．Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

Traffic Regulation and Accident Prevention

We live in a remarkable time, and many of the once fatal diseases can now be cured with modern medicine and surgery. It is almost certain that one day a cure will be found for the rest of the diseases. Expectations of life have greatly increased. But though the possibility of living a long and happy life is greater than ever before, every day we witness the incredible killing of men, women and children on the roads. Man fights against the motor-car. It is a never-ending battle which man is losing. ________ Nothing can seriously increase your risk of potentially fatal car accidents other than speeding and failing to pay due attention to weather conditions. ________ There is no doubt that the motor-car often brings out a man's very worst qualities. Usually quiet and pleasant people, when they are behind the steering wheel, will become unrecognizable. They are impolite, aggressive, self-willed like two-year-old, completely selfish. All their hidden frustrations, disappointments, and jealousy seem to be caused by driving.

________ It's all for his own convenience. Due to a serious tragedy, the city is almost uninhabitable and the huge parking lot makes the town ugly. The destruction of rural areas and the annual mass killings are just a statistic, easily forgotten. With regard to driving, the laws of some countries are not strict and even the strictest are not strict enough.

Traffic rules are for everyone to follow under any circumstances, and no one can make an exception unless you make a joke of your own life. Universally accepted standards can only have a significant beneficial on the incidence of accidents. Governments should develop safety codes for manufacturers. ________ These measures may sound cruel. However, if these measures result in a reduction in the loss of life every year, they should certainly not be considered serious. After all, the world belongs to humans, not cars.

A. There are five reason for the accident and you are guilty.

B. Every year thousands of people are horribly killed, and we sit still and let it happen. C. Surprisingly, society should smile at the driver and forgive him.

D. Someone has rightly said that when a person is sitting behind the steering wheel, his car

becomes an extension of his personality.

E. All advertisements that emphasize power and performance should be banned. F. It is time to develop a universal norm to reduce this senseless waste of human life.

【答案】 B；D；C；E

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些关于交通管制与事故预防措施，从而减少交通事故的发生。

（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“Man fights against the motor-car. It is a never-ending battle which man is losing.” 人与汽车搏斗，这是一场人类正在输掉的永无休止的战斗，因此可知每年都有成千上万的人惨死，我们却坐视不理，听之任之。故选B。 （2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“There is no doubt that the motor-car often brings out a man's very worst qualities.”毫无疑问，汽车经常暴露出一个人最坏的品质，可知，汽车是一个人个性的延伸。故选D。

（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“It's all for his own convenience.”一切都是为了他自己的方便，可知，社会对司机微笑并原谅是令人惊讶的。故选C。

（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“Governments should develop safety codes for manufacturers”.应该为制造商制定安全守则；再根据空后“These measures may sound cruel.”这些措施听起来可能很残酷，可知，作者建议所有强调汽车力量和性能的广告都应该被禁止。故选E。

【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

9．请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

Is Cash Becoming Outdated?

When he rolls into a gas station to fill his tank, Barkhad Dahir doesn't get out of his car. He pushes a few buttons on his cellphone and within seconds he has paid for the fuel. With the same quick pushes on his phone, he pays for virtually everything he needs: groceries at the supermarket, a few oranges from a market stall, or a cup of sweet milky tea from a café. Mr. Dahir boasts, \"Even lying in bed, you can be paying your bills.\"

Electronic payments offer consumers convenience, provide revenue for banks, credit card companies and payment processors, and offer merchants improved cash flow and convenience. \"I don't even carry money any more,\" says Adan Abokor, a democracy activist. \"I haven't seen cash for a long time. Almost every merchant, even hawker (小贩) on the street, accepts payment by cellphone. There's no waiting for it and no counting of cash.\"

The system is impressively simple and secure. Purchases are made by dialing a three-digit number, entering a four-digit PIN, and then entering the retailer's payment number and the amount of money. Both customers and merchants receive text messages to confirm the payment. Clearing up cash payments has several advantages as well. The printing and handling of money is expensive. Cash payments can be anonymous and hard to track criminal activities to be

conducted in secret. Many governments favor reducing cash dealings in order to better monitor and understand the activities of their citizens. The Swedish government has been discussing the removing of cash since 2010.

However, some people doubt what members of a cashless society do when the power goes off. Do they choose to barter (物物交换) and rob? Do they sit at home and wait? What happens to people who rely on their cellphones to process money dealings when cell service and the Internet are interrupted? A world affected by terrorism and increasingly violent weather may not yet be ready to abandon currency. \"Ironically, the day after the largest bank in Norway, DNB, proposed ending all cash dealings, I went to my local grocery store and when I tried to pay by phone, I was told that I needed to go to the ATM to get cash because the system was broken.\" said an interviewee.

Other people fear that electronic payments may create security and fraud risks and enable dealings to be tracked and reported. Privacy, security and convenience are all important factors in the adoption of electronic payment technology. New technologies which balance and address these factors may enable people to remove cash.

Is Cash Becoming Outdated? An example of Barkhad Dahir claims that he can get easy ________ to his own bank when paying for his fuel and necessities. They can ________ customers from waiting in line or counting the cash. They are very ________, for both customers and merchants will ________ of electronic receive text messages to confirm the payment. payments They reduce the ________ of printing and handling money. They make it ________ for the governments to keep track of the citizens' cash activities. Some people worry about the effective payment in case of a power ________. Concerns of electronic Other people show their concerns about their own ________, for payments their money dealings can be monitored and made known. Security and fraud risks may occur when electronic payments are in ________. Conclusion Cash is not likely to ________ unless privacy, security and convenience are balanced and settled. electronic payments 【答案】 access；Advantages/Benefits；save/free/spare；safe/secure；cost/expense；convenient/easy；failure/cut；privacy；use/effect/adoption；disappear/vanish

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，分析了电子支付的优点与缺点，最后得出结论，现金不可能被完全取代，除非隐私、安全和便利得到平衡和解决。

（1）考查信息提升。根据第一段中的”With the same quick pushes on his phone, he pays for virtually everything he needs: groceries at the supermarket, a few oranges from a market stall, or a cup of sweet milky tea from a café. Mr. Dahir boasts, ’Even lying in bed, you can be paying your

bills.‘”同样快速地按一下手机，他几乎支付了所有他需要的东西:超市里的杂货，市场摊位上的几个橘子，或者咖啡馆里的一杯甜奶茶。Dahir先生自豪地说，“即使躺在床上，你也能付账单。”可知Barkhad Dahir声称，当他支付燃料和必需品时，他可以很容易地进入自己的银行。get access to固定短语“进入；使用”。故填access。

（2）考查信息归纳。根据表格右栏的内容可知是在叙述电子支付的优点，故填Advantages/Benefits。

（3）考查信息提升。根据第二段中的“says Adan Abokor, a democracy activist. ’I haven't seen cash for a long time. Almost every merchant, even hawker on the street, accepts payment by cellphone. There's no waiting for it and no counting of cash.‘”民主活动人士Adan Abokor说。“我很长时间没看到现金了。几乎每一个商人，甚至街头小贩，都接受手机支付。不用等，也不用数钱。”可知点至支付可以省去顾客排队或数现金的麻烦。故填save/free/spare。 （4）考查信息归纳。根据第三段中的”The system is impressively simple and secure. Purchases are made by dialing a three-digit number, entering a four-digit PIN, and then entering the retailer's payment number and the amount of money. Both customers and merchants receive text messages to confirm the payment.“该系统极其简单和安全。购物是通过拨打一个三位数的号码，输入一个四位数的个人识别码，然后输入零售商的付款号码和金额。客户和商家都会收到确认付款的短信。可知电子支付非常安全，因为客户和商家都会收到确认付款的短信。故填safe/secure。

（5）考查信息归纳。根据第四段中的”The printing and handling of money is expensive.“印刷和处理货币是昂贵的。可知电子支付减少印刷和处理金钱的费用。故填cost/expense。 （6）考查信息归纳。根据第四段中的”Many governments favor reducing cash dealings in order to better monitor and understand the activities of their citizens.“许多赞成减少现金交易，以便更好地监测和了解其公民的活动。可知电子支付使很容易跟踪公民的现金活动。故填easy/convenient。

（7）考查信息理解，根据第五段中的”However, some people doubt what members of a cashless society do when the power goes off.“然而，一些人怀疑无现金社会的成员在断电时会做些什么。可知有些人担心停电时的有效支付。故填failure/cut。

（8）考查信息归纳。根据最后一段中的”Other people fear that electronic payments may create security and fraud risks and enable dealings to be tracked and reported. Privacy, security and convenience are all important factors in the adoption of electronic payment technology.“其他人则担心电子支付可能会带来安全和欺诈风险，使交易能够被跟踪和报告。隐私、安全和便利性都是采用电子支付技术的重要因素。可知另一些人则表现出对自己隐私的担忧，因为他们的金钱交易可以被监控并公之于众。故填privacy。

（9）考查信息提升。根据最后一段中的”Other people fear that electronic payments may create security and fraud risks and enable dealings to be tracked and reported. Privacy, security and convenience are all important factors in the adoption of electronic payment technology.“其他人则担心电子支付可能会带来安全和欺诈风险，使交易能够被跟踪和报告。隐私、安全和便利性都是采用电子支付技术的重要因素。）可知当使用电子支付时，可能会出现安全和欺诈风险。故填use/effect/adoption。

（10）考查信息理解。根据最后一段中的”New technologies which balance and address these factors may enable people to remove cash.“平衡和解决这些因素的新技术可能使人们能够取消现金。可知除非隐私、安全和便利得到平衡和解决，否则现金不太可能消失。故填disappear/vanish。

【点评】本题考点涉及信息理解，信息提升和信息归纳三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生准确掌握所给材料内容，结合相关的语法知识和词汇知识，做出正确答案。

10．任务型阅读

This time of year, thousands of college applicants wait for e-notices and auspiciously(吉利地) sized envelopes from schools, under terrible pressure from their parents, friends, teachers, and themselves. As to this, I offer some advice, which comes not only from a bit of experience, but also a bit of research: just cool out and continue, okay?

Many parents and students think there is a world of difference between the lifelong outcomes of an A-minus student who gets into, say. Princeton, and an A-minus student who applies to Princeton but \"only\" gets into some less selective school, like Penn State or the University of Wisconsin. They assume that a decision made by faceless Ivy League admissions officers, to some extent, will mark the difference between success and failure in life.

There are two important things to say about this stress. First, to put the anxiety into context, the kids applying to these schools are already doing quite well. Seventy percent of 29--year--olds don't have a bachelor's degree, and the majority of BAs are earned at non-selective schools that accept a majority of their applicants. Many of the applicants have already won life's lottery. But if that doesn't ease the nerves of the 40,000 people waiting on Stanford or Penn, here is a more encouraging conclusion from economics. For most applicants, it doesn't matter if they don't get into their top choice, according to a paper by Stacy Dale, a mathematician at Mathematica Policy Research, and Alan Krueger, an economist at Princeton University. They tracked two groups of students——-one that attended college in the 1970s and the other in the early 1990s. They wanted to know：Did students attending the most elite colleges earn more in their 30s. 40s. and 50s than students with similar SAT scores, who were rejected by elite colleges? The short answer was no. Or, in the author's language, the difference between the students who went to super-selective schools and the students with similar SAT scores rejected by those schools and went to less selective institutions was \"indistinguishable from zero.\"

What does that mean? It means that, for many students, \"who you are\" is more important than where you go. It's hard to show that highly selective colleges add much earning power, even with their distinguished professors and professional networks. In addition, the decision of admissions officers isn't as important as the sum of the decisions, habits, and relationships students have built up to this point in their young life.

For the elite colleges themselves, the Dale-Krueger paper had additional, fascinating findings. It's found that the most selective schools do make an extraordinary difference in life earning for minority students from less--educated families who are more likely to rely on colleges to provide the training and job networks with great influence. Getting into Princeton if your parents went to Princeton? Fine, although not a game-changer. But getting into Princeton if your parents both

left community college after a year? That could be game-changing. Whatever the results, it's more important to choose a university that is suited to the college applicants.

What is an elite college really worth for? Introduction Author's advice Two things College applicants tend to feel________while awaiting admission decisions. College applicants should cool down and carry ________. General ________ Success and failure in life is partly ________by which school you will go to. important Those ________ to the top universities have already won half the battle in their young life. Students graduating from top universities don't necessarily earn more money than those who are turned ________ by top universities. Implication of the ________ qualities matter more than where a student gets degree. research ________ can be more important than the social and problem--solving skills students have acquired. Additional findings Minority students from less-educated families can gain access to the of the research Conclusion ________ networks through highly selective colleges. It makes sense to find a good ________. 【答案】 stressed/pressured；on；assumption；decided/determined；applying；down；Personal/Individual；Nothing；influential；fit

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，对等待通知书而焦虑的人，作者提出的一些建议。许多家长和学生认为，一个进入大学的学生的终身成绩之间存在着差异，但在后来的研究调查中显示，对于许多学生来说，“你是谁”比你去哪里更重要。但是无论如何，选择一所适合的大学对申请者而言更为重要。

（1）考查信息理解，根据第一段中的“under terrible pressure from their parents, friends, teachers, and themselves.”在父母，朋友，老师和他们自己的巨大压力下。可知大学申请者在等待入学决定时往往感到压力，故填stressed/pressured。

（2）考查信息理解。根据第一段中的“As to this, I offer some advice, which comes not only from a bit of experience，but also a bit of research: just cool out and continue, okay?”对此，我提出了一些建议，这些建议不仅仅来自于一些经验, 但也有一些研究：冷静下来，继续，好吗？carry on=continue，故填on。

（3）考查信息概括。第二段是人们对此问题的设想，因此填 assumption。

（4）考查信息转换。根据第二段中的“ They assume that a decision made by faceless Ivy League admissions officers, to some extent, will mark the difference between success and failure in life.”，可知人们普遍的一个误解是他们所上的学校会决定生活中的成功或失败。故填 decided/determined。

（5）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“the kids applying to these schools are already doing quite well.”以及“Many of the applicants have already won life's lottery.”可知，申请顶尖大学的人其实在自己的人生中已经成功了一半，故填applying。

（6）考查信息转换。根据第四段中的“Did students attending the most elite colleges earn more in their 30s. 40s. and 50s than students with similar SAT scores, who were rejected by elite

colleges?”上精英大学的学生在30多岁，40多岁和50对岁的时候比有相似的SAT成绩，被精英大学拒绝的学生挣的钱多吗？reject=turn down，故填down。

（7）考查信息转换。根据第五段中的“ It means that, for many students, ‘who you are’is more important than where you go.”可知，学生的个人品质比他们去哪上大学更重要，故填Personal/Individual。

（8）考查信息转换。根据第五段中的“In addition, the decision of admissions officers isn't as important as the sum of the decisions, habits, and relationships students have built up to this point in their young life.”另外，招生的决定并不像学生们在他们的年轻生活中已经建立起的决定，习惯和人际关系的总和那么重要，可知什么也没有比学生获得社交和解决问题的能力重要，故填Nothing。

（9）考查信息转换。根据第六段中的“It's found that the most selective schools do make an extraordinary difference in life earning for minority students from less-educated families who are more likely to rely on colleges to provide the training and job networks with great influence”可知，择优录取的大学对家庭受教育水平较低的少数学生的生活收入有显著影响。此处形容词作定语，故填 influential。

（10）考查信息理解。根据最后一段中的“ Whatever the results, it's more important to choose a university that is suited to the college applicants.”不管结果如何，更重要的是选择一所适合申请人的大学。可知填fit。

【点评】本题考点涉及信息理解，信息转换和信息概括三个题型的考查。是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生准确掌握所给材料，结合相关的语法知识，做出正确答案。