人教版七年级英语Unit6 Our local area总结

Topic1 Is there a computer in your study?

【重点短语】

1. Why not… =Why don’t you… 2. go upstairs上楼 go downstairs下楼

3. a moment later 一会以后 4. study n.书房 v.学习

5. in the front of the house 在屋子里面的前面 6. in front of the house 在屋子外面的前面 7. talk about+n/v-ing 谈论、议论某事 8. talk with sb. 与某人交谈 9. put them away 把它们收拾好 10. look after = take care of 照顾 11. play with sb. 与某人一起玩 12. in the tree 外物附着在树上

13. on the tree 树本身长出来的花、树叶等 14. on the wall 在墙上 15. in the wall 在墙里 16. on the river 浮在水面上 17. over the river 在河上悬空

18. want sb to do sth/want to do sth 想要（某人）做某事

【重点句型】

1. There are two bedrooms and a a small study. 有两个卧室和一个小书房。

2. There is a lamp, a computer, some books and so on. 有一盏台灯、一台电脑和一些书，等等。

3. —Is there a computer in your study? —Yes, there is. —你书房里有电脑吗？—是的，有。

4. Don't put them here. Put them away. 不要把它们放在这里。把它们收起来。

5. There are many beautiful flowers in the garden, but there aren' t any trees in it. 花园里有许多漂亮的花，但是却没有树。

【重点详解】

1. It’s on the second floor.

在哪一层楼，用介词on。on表示在……上面。second是序数词，前面要用定冠词the, 意为第二（的）。

巧辩异同 two与second

two是基数词；second是序数词，“第二”或“第二的”，指排列顺序。

2. in 在……里面，是方位介词。 in the box

in the classroom

3. 巧辩异同 there be与 have

(1) there be“有”，指（某地）存在“有”。 (2) have“有”，指人或某物“拥有”。 The is a dog in the picture. The dog has two big eyes.

注：there be 遵循就近原则。be 用is还是are，取决于离该动词最近的那个名词。如果该名词是单数或不可数名词就用is，如果是复数就用are。

4. have a look 看看。后面接名词时要用at，如have a look at your watch。

5. talk about“谈论，议论”，后接名词或动名词。 talk with/to“与某人交谈”

6. 用来询问某地有某物，其结构为：What' s+介词短语，回答时应用there be句型。

7. play with“和……玩耍”，“玩” play with sb.“与某人一起玩”

8. put away 把……放好

9. look after“保管，照顾”，相当于take care of。

look at 看…… look like 看起来像…… look for 寻找

look the same 看起来一样

10. 巧辩异同in the tree与on the tree (1) in the tree 指外来物体在树上。

(2) on the tree树木本身长出来的花、树叶等。

11. 巧辩异同like doing与like to do

like doing 表示经经常性或习惯性的兴趣、爱好。与love doing相似。 like to do 表示偶尔的、一次性的喜欢。与love to do相似。

12. I’m very glad to get a letter from you. 我很高兴收到你的来信。 get a letter from sb. 收到某人的来信＝hear from sb.

【重点语法】

There be 句型

1. 含义

There be 句型表示“某处存在某物或某人，表示一种客观存在； 而have“有”表示“某人拥有某物/某人”表主观拥有，其主语是人。 There is a dog in the picture. The dog has two big eyes.

若have表示“包括”、“存在”的含意时，There be 句型不能互换。

eg. A week has seven days. =There are seven days in a week.

2. 句型结构

肯定句：There is a computer in your study.

否定句：在“be”后加“not”。 There isn' t a computer in your study.

一般疑问句：将“be”提到“there”之前。 ----Is there a computer in your study? ----Yes, there is./No, there isn' t.

特殊疑问句：

There be句型的特殊疑问句形式有以下三种发化：

① 对主语提问，若主语是人时，用\"Who's+介词短语?\"；若主语是物时，用\"What's + 介词短语?\"。

注：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对之提问时一般都用is(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如 ----What's over there? ----There are many things over there.

----Who is in the room? ----There is a little girl in the room. ② 对地点状语提问，提问地点用\"Where is / are+主语?\" “There + be+主语+地点状语”表示“某处有某物”。

例：----Where is the computer? ----There is a computer on the desk.

----Where are the four children? There are four children on the playground.

地点状语也可放在句首，有时可用“，”和后面的部分隔开。

There are some pictures on the wall.=On the wall, there are some pictures.

③ 对数量提问，一般有两种句型结构： How many+复数名词+are there+介词短语； How much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语。

3. There be句型遵循就近原则

There be如果后面接两个名词作主语，那么“be”的人称和数与邻近的名词一致。即be用is还是are取决于离该动词最近的那个名词。例：There is a lamp , a computer, some books and so on. There are two boys and a girl under the tree.

Topic2 My home is in an apartment building.

【重点短语】

1. an apartment building 一座公寓 2. in the country 在农村 3. look for 寻找

4. on the street corner 在街道拐角处 5. keep money 存钱

6. mail letters 邮寄信

7. keep and show things 保存和陈列物品 8. at the end of Elm Road 在榆树路的尽头 9. on the right 在右边

10. close to 离......近，紧挨着的 11. far from 离......远 12. not far from 离......不远

13. a community service center 一个社区服务中心 14. call it for help 打电话向它求助

15. There is something wrong with = Something is wrong with 某人/某物出问题，有毛病了

16. get someone to check it 派人去检查一下 17. right now 立刻，马上

18. houses with big yards 带大院子的房子

【重点句型】

1. ----What' s your home like? 你的家是什么样的? ----It' s an apartment building. 它是一栋公寓楼。

2. They live in a big farmhouse in the country. 他们住在农村的农舍里。 2. What' s the matter? 怎么了？/出了什么事？

3. I can’t hear you；the line is bad. 我听不清；线路不好。 4. I' ll get someone to check it right now. 我马上派人去检查。

5. There is something wrong with my kitchen fan. 我的抽油烟机出了点问题。

6. There are many houses with big yards in the suburbs. 郊区有许多带着大院子的房子。

7. What kind of home do you live in? 你住在什么样的房子里？ 8. ----I' m afraid it' s too loud. 恐怕声音有点大。 ----I' m really sorry about that. 我真的对此很抱歉。

【重点详解】

1. a house with three bedrooms 有三间卧室的房子，with “有，带有”。with还可以意为“和（某人/某物）在一起”。 2. apartment for a family of two 适合两口之家的公寓

(1) for表示“给……”表示目的或功能。Here is a letter for you.

(2)of的含义为“属于某人/某事物”。She is a friend of Lily’s. = Shes is Lily’s friend.

3. What’s the matter? 怎么了？

该句常用来询问某人或某物出了什么什么问题或毛病；

询问具体某人或某物出了什么问题时，还可以表达为：What’s the matter with sb./sth.某人或某物出了什么毛病。 What’s the matter? = What’s wrong?

4. I hear you playing the piano. 我听见你在弹钢琴。 hear…doing sth.“听见……在做某事”，强调正在进行的动作。

hear…do sth.“听见……做了某事”，强调全过程。 hear about sth. 听到关于某事物的消息 hear from sb. 接到某人的来信、电话等 hear of sb./sth.听到或知道某人或某事物的情况

5. a lot of = lots of 许多，后接可数名词，相当于many；后接不可数名词，相当于much，用于肯定句中。但是注意：如果是否定句，刚常用many或much.

6. be far from… 离……远（抽象距离） be…away from…离……远（具体距离）

My school is not far from the bookstore. The sea is 2 miles away from the hotel.

7. There is something wrong with sb./sth. 某人或某物出问题/有毛病了。 8. I’ll get someone to check it right now. 我马上派人去检查。 get sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事 someone=somebody 某人

right now= at once= right away 马上，立刻

Topic3 Which is the way to the hospital?

【重点短语】

1. a ticket for speeding 超速罚单 2. at the end of the road 在路的尽头 3. go across 走过

4. turn left/right 向左转/向右转 5. on the corner of 在...…转弯/拐弯处 6. across from 在...…对面 7. between……and 在…之间

8. take the No. 718 bus 乘坐718路公共汽车 9. no parking 禁止停车 10. get hurt 受伤

11. obey the traffic rules 遵守交通规则

12. keep on the right of the road 保持在路的右边 13. at the foot of 在...…的脚下

14. hold sth in one' s hand 抓住某人的手

【重点句型】 1. 问路语 ① Where is ……?

② Is there a……near here?

Excuse me, is there a bank near here? 打扰了，请问附近有银行吗？ ③ Which is the way to ……? ④ How can I get to……?

⑤ Could you tell me the way to……?

How can I get to the bookstore?= Could you tell me the way to the bookstore?= Could you tell me how to get to the bookstore?

⑥ Where is the way to the bookstore?

2. 指路语

①Go along/down this road until……

Go up/Go along this street to the end, and you will find it on your left. 沿着这条街一直走到尽头，你就会发现它在你左边。

②Turn left at the first turning. =Take the first turning on the left. 在第一个拐弯处左拐。

③Go straight ahead and you will see… 一直向前走，你会看到... ④It' s about 15 kilometres away from here. 离这大概15公里远。 3. Thank you all the same.=Thanks anyway. 4. You can' t miss it.

5. You need to take bus No.718. 6. How far is it from here?

7. Everybody must be careful and obey the traffic. 大家都必须要小心，遵守交通规则。

8. We must stop and look both ways before we cross the road. 过马路前，我们必须停下来看看路的两边。

9. Be careful! Don't play on the street. 小心！不要在街上玩耍。 10. Wait for your turn when the lights are red. 在红灯亮之前请等待。 11. ----How far is it from here? (问距离) 它离这有多远？

----It' s about ten kilometers away from here. 它离这大概10公里远。

12. How can we make the roads safe? 我们怎样才能使道路安全？ 13. We must never play on the street. 我们绝对不能在街上玩耍。= We must not play the street.

14. It' s good to help children and old people to cross the road. 帮助小孩与老人过马路是一种助人为乐的行为。

【重点详解】

1. go up “沿着……走”与它相近的词有go along/down 2. get to 到达，后接地点名词 get to =reach=arrive in/at 与get有关的短语： get in 收获 get on 上车 get off 下车 get out 出去 get out of 从……出来 get up 起床

3. across from 在……对面

4. It’s good to help children and old people to cross the road. 帮助孩子和老人过马路是一种助人为乐的行为。

It’s good to do sth. 做某事是助人为乐的行为。

5. on the corner of = at the corner of “在……拐角处”，表示在某一地方或建筑物外面的拐角处。

in the corner of 表示在某一建筑物内的拐角处。 6. 有关come的短语 come to 来到

come form 来自于…… come on 加油，赶快 come in 进来 come out 出来 come down下来 come back 回来

【重点语法】

祈使句

1. 含义

表示请求、命令、禁止、劝告者建议的句子，特点是省略了主语。朗读应若用降调, 句末常标感叹号。

2. 句型结构

●肯定结构:

1. Do型(即:动词原形(+宾语)+其它成分)。 如：Please have a seat here.请这边坐。

有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下,动词可省略。

如：This way, please. = Go this way, please. 请这边走。

2. Be型(即:Be + 表语(名词者形容词)+其它成分) 如：Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子!

3. Let型(即:Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分) 如：Let me help you. 讥我来帮你。

●否定结构:

1. Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加don't构成。 如:Don't forget me! 不要忘记我! Don't be late for school! 上学不要迟到!

2. Let型的否定式有两种: “Don't + let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分” “Let + 宾语 + not + 动词原形 + 其它成分 如:Don't let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走。

3. 有些可用no开头，用来表示禁止性的祈使句。 如:No smoking! 禁止吸烟! No fishing! 禁止钓鱼!